1Potom jsem uviděl, jak z nebe sestupuje jiný anděl, jenž měl velkou moc a země byla ozářena jeho jasem. 2Zvolal mocným hlasem: "Padl, padl, ten Veliký Babylon; proměnil se v příbytek zlých duchů, v doupě pro kdejaké nečisté duchy, v doupě pro kdejaké nečisté a odporné ptáky. 3Neboť vínem jeho smilstva se napojily všechny národy a králové země s ním smilnili a pozemští kupcové se obohatili jeho nezřízeným přepychem." 4Potom jsem z nebe uslyšel jiný hlas, který říkal: "Vyjděte, můj lide, odejděte z něho, abyste neměli účast na jeho proviněních, a nemuseli tak trpět jeho ranami. 5Vždyť jeho hříchy se nakupily až k nebi a Bůh se rozpomenul na jeho nepravosti. 6Splaťte mu jeho vlastní mincí! Dvojnásobně se mu odplaťte za jeho zločiny! Do číše, kterou namíchal, namíchejte dvojitou dávku! 7Dle míry jeho okázalosti a přepychu mu dejte trýzně a neštěstí! Trůním jako královna, říká si, a nejsem vdova a nikdy neokusím smutku... 8Hle, proto v jediném dni se na něho snesou rány: mor, smutek a hlad; bude spálen ohněm. Neboť mocný je Pán Bůh, který jej odsoudil." 9Budou plakat, budou nad ním naříkat králové země, druhové jeho chlípného a okázalého života, a až uvidí dým z jeho plamenů, 10budou se držet opodál ze strachu před jeho mukami: "Běda, běda! Ty Obrovské město, Babylone, město mocné, vždyť postačila jediná hodina, a nadešel soud nad tebou!" 11Pláčí a rmoutí se nad ním pozemští kupcové; nikdo napříště nekoupí náklady jejich lodí! 12Náklady zlata a stříbra, drahokamů a perel, plátna a purpuru, hedvábí a šarlatu; i tújová dřeva a předměty ze slonoviny a předměty ze vzácných dřev, z bronzu, ze železa či z mramoru; 13skořici, kardamon a voňavky, myrhu a kadidlo, víno a olej, mouku a obilí, dobytek a ovce, koně a vozy, otroky a lidské bytosti... 14A zralé ovoce, po němž bažila tvá duše, zmizelo daleko od tebe; i s veškerým přepychem a nádherou je pro tebe navždy konec, nenávratně. 15Kupci, kteří tím obchodem s ním bohatli, se budou držet opodál ze strachu před jeho mukami, budou plakat a úpět: 16"Běda, běda! Ty Obrovské město, oděné v plátně, v purpuru a v šarlatu, zdobené zlatem, drahokamy a perlami, 17vždyť ke zkáze všeho toho přepychu postačila jediná hodina!" Kapitáni a plavci při pobřeží, námořníci i všichni, kdo žijí z moře, se drželi opodál 18a křičeli při pohledu na dým z jeho plamenů: "Kdo byl kdy takový jako toto Obrovské město?" 19Sypali si popel na hlavu a s pláčem a úpěním vykřikovali: "Běda, běda! Ty Obrovské město, z jehož přepychového života bohatli veškeří majitelé lodí na moři, vždyť k dovršení jeho zkázy postačila jediná hodina!" 20Plesej nad ním, nebe, i vy svatí, apoštolé a proroci, neboť tím, že je Bůh odsoudil, rozsoudil vaši při. 21Tu jeden mocný anděl zvedl kámen velký jako žernov a vrhl ho do moře se slovy: "Takto bude jedním rázem svržen Babylon, to veliké město, už je nikdy nikdo neuvidí..." 22Hlas harfeníků a pěvců a flétnistů a trubačů už v tobě nikdy nebude slyšet; mistry všech řemesel už v tobě nikdy nebude vidět; a klapot mlýna už v tobě nikdy nebude slyšet; 23Světlo lampy už v tobě nikdy nezazáří; hlas mladého ženicha a nevěsty už v tobě nikdy nebude slyšet. Neboť tví kupci byli knížaty země, a tvé čáry svedly z cesty všechny národy; 24a právě v něm byla spatřena krev proroků a svatých a všech, kteří byli na zemi zabiti.
Matthew Henry - Complete Commentary 1 The downfall and destruction of Babylon form an event so fully determined in the counsels of God, and of such consequence to his interests and glory, that the visions and predictions concerning it are repeated. 1. Here is another angel sent from heaven, attended with great power and lustre,
Revel 18:1. He had not only light in himself, to discern the truth of his own prediction, but to inform and enlighten the world about that great event; and not only light to discern it, but power to accomplish it. 2. This angel publishes the fall of Babylon, as a thing already come to pass; and this he does with a mighty strong voice, that all might hear the cry, and might see how well this angel was pleased to be the messenger of such tidings. Here seems to be an allusion to the prediction of the fall of pagan Babylon (
Isa 21:9), where the word is repeated as it is here:
has fallen, has fallen. Some have thought a double fall is hereby intended, first her apostasy, and then her ruin; and they think the words immediately following favour their opinion;
She has become the habitation of devils, and the hold of every foul spirit, and the cage of every unclean and hateful bird, Revel 18:2. But this is also borrowed from
Isa 21:9, and seems to describe not so much her sin of entertaining idols (which are truly called
devils ) as her punishment, it being a common notion that unclean spirits, as well as ominous and hateful birds, used to haunt a city or house that lay in its ruins. 3. The reason of this ruin is declared (
Revel 18:3); for, though God is not obliged to give any account of his matters, yet he is pleased to do so, especially in those dispensations of providence that are most awful and tremendous. The wickedness of Babylon had been very great; for she had not only forsaken the true God herself, and set up idols, but had with great art and industry drawn all sorts of men into the spiritual adultery, and by her wealth and luxury had retained them in her interest. 4. Fair warning is given to all that expect mercy from God, that they should not only
come out of her, but be assisting in her destruction,
Revel 18:4,
Revel 18:5. Here observe, (1.) God may have a people even in Babylon, some who belong to the election of grace. (2.) God's people shall be called out of Babylon, and called effectually. (3.) Those that are resolved to partake with wicked men in their sins must receive of their plagues. (4.) When the sins of a people reach up to heaven, the wrath of God will reach down to the earth. (5.) Though private revenge is forbidden, yet God will have his people act under him, when called to it, in pulling down his and their inveterate and implacable enemies,
Revel 18:6. (6.) God will proportion the punishment of sinners to the measure of their wickedness, pride, and security,
Revel 18:7. (7.) When destruction comes on a people suddenly, the surprise is a great aggravation of their misery,
Revel 18:8.
9 Here we have,
I. A doleful lamentation made by Babylon's friends for her fall; and here observe,
1. Who are the mourners, namely, those who had been bewitched by her fornication, those who had been sharers in her sensual pleasures, and those who had been gainers by her wealth and trade - the kings and the merchants of the earth:
the kings of the earth, whom she had flattered into idolatry by allowing them to be arbitrary and tyrannical over their subjects, while they were obsequious to her; and
the merchants, that is, those who trafficked with her for indulgences, pardons, dispensations, and preferments; these will mourn, because by
this craft they got their wealth. 2. What was the manner of their mourning. (1.) They stood afar off, they durst not come nigh her. Even Babylon's friends will stand at a distance from her fall. Though they had been partakers with her in her sins, and in her sinful pleasures and profits, they were not willing to bear a share in her plagues. (2.) They made a grievous outcry:
Alas! alas! that great city, Babylon, that mighty city! (3.) They wept, and
cast dust upon their heads, Revel 18:19. The pleasures of sin are but for a season, and they will end in dismal sorrow. All those who rejoice in the success of the church's enemies will share with them in their downfall; and those who have most indulged themselves in pride and pleasure are the least able to bear calamities; their sorrows will be as excessive as their pleasure and jollity were before.
3. What was the cause of their mourning; not their sin, but their punishment. They did not lament their fall into idolatry, and luxury, and persecution, but their fall into ruin - the loss of their traffic and of their wealth and power. The spirit of antichrist is a worldly spirit, and their sorrow is a mere worldly sorrow; they did not lament for the anger of God, that had now fallen upon them, but for the loss of their outward comfort. We have a large schedule and inventory of the wealth and merchandise of this city, all which was suddenly lost (
Revel 18:12,
Revel 18:13), and lost irrecoverably (
Revel 18:14):
All things which were dainty and goodly have departed from thee, and thou shalt find them no more at all. The church of God may fall for a time, but she shall rise again; but the fall of Babylon will be an utter overthrow, like that of Sodom and Gomorrah. Godly sorrow is some support under affliction, but mere worldly sorrow adds to the calamity.
II. An account of the joy and triumph there was both in heaven and earth at the irrecoverable fall of Babylon: while her own people were bewailing her, the servants of God were called to
rejoice over her, Revel 18:20. Here observe, 1. How universal this joy would be: heaven and earth, angels and saints, would join in it; that which is matter of rejoicing to the servants of God in this world is matter of rejoicing to the angels in heaven. 2. How just and reasonable; and that, (1.) Because the fall of Babylon was an act of God's vindictive justice. God was then avenging his people's cause. They had committed their cause to him
to whom vengeance belongs, and now the year of recompence had come for the controversies of Zion; and, though they did not take pleasure in the miseries of any, yet they had reason to rejoice in the discoveries of the glorious justice of God. (2.) Because it was an irrecoverable ruin. This enemy should never molest them any more, and of this they were assured by a remarkable token (
Revel 18:21): An
angel from heaven
took up a stone like a great millstone, and cast it into the sea, saying, Thus shall Babylon be thrown down with violence, and be found no more at all; the place shall be no longer habitable by man, no work shall be done there, no comfort enjoyed, no light seen there, but utter darkness and desolation, as the reward of her great wickedness, first in
deceiving the nations with her sorceries, and secondly in destroying and murdering those whom she could not deceive,
Revel 18:24. Such abominable sins deserved so great a ruin.