1Na ka karakia a Hana, ka mea, E whakamanamana ana toku ngakau ki a Ihowa, kua ara toku haona i a Ihowa; ka rahi toku waha ki oku hoariri; noku ka koa ki tau whakaoranga. 2Kahore he mea tapu, ko Ihowa anake; kahore ke atu, ko koe anake: kahore ano hoki he kamaka hei rite mo to tatou Atua. 3Kati te whakanui i te korero whakahihi; kei puta te whakapehapeha i o koutou mangai: he Atua mohio hoki a Ihowa, a ka paunatia e ia nga mahi. 4Whati ana nga kopere a te hunga marohirohi; a ko te hunga i tutuki te waewae, ko te kaha hei whitiki mo ratou. 5E mahi ana hei utu taro te hunga i makona i mua; a mutu ake ta te hunga i matekai: heoi kua tokowhitu a te pakoko i whanau ai; a iwikore noa iho te mea kua tokomaha nei ana tamariki. 6Ko Ihowa e whakamate ana, a ko ia e whakaora ana: mana e riro ai ki raro ki te reinga, mana e kake ai ki runga. 7Ko Ihowa hei whakarawakore, ko ia hei whakawhiwhi ki te taonga: mana e whakaiti, mana ano hoki e whakaara. 8Whakaarahia ana e ia te iti i roto i te puehu, ara ana i a ia te iti i roto i te puehu, ara ana i a ia te rawakore i roto i te puranga paru, a whakanohoia iho ki roto ki nga rangatira, meinga ana kia whiwhi ki te torona kororia: no Ihowa ra hoki nga pou turanga o te whenua; a whakanohoia iho e ia te ao ki runga. 9Mana nga waewae o tana hunga tapu e tiaki; ko te hunga kino ia ka whakanohoia ki roto ki te pouri wahangu ai; ehara hoki te kaha i te mea e riro ai te papa i te tangata. 10Mongamonga noa nga hoariri o Ihowa; ka papa mai tana whatitiri i te rangi ki a ratou: ka whakarite whakawa a Ihowa mo nga pito o te whenua; mana e homai he kaha ki tana kingi, e whakaara te haona o tana i whakawahi ai. 11Na ka haere a Erekana ki Rama, ki tona whare. A minita ana taua tamaiti ki a Ihowa i te aroaro o te tohunga, o Eri. 12Na he tama na Periara nga tama a Eri; kihai ratou i mohio ki a Ihowa. 13Na ko te tikanga tenei a nga tohunga i roto i te iwi; i te patunga a tetahi i te whakahere, ka haere te tangata a te tohunga, i te mea kei te kohua ano nga kiko, me te marau e toru nei nga koikoi i tona ringa; 14Na ka werohia e ia ki te peihana, ki te pata ranei, ki te hopane ranei, ki te kohua ranei; ko nga mea katoa i riro ake i te marau, i tangohia e te tohunga ki taua mea. Pena tonu ta ratou mahi i Hiro ki nga Iharaira katoa i haere ki reira. 15Ae ra, i te mea ano hoki kahore i tahuna noatia nga ngako, ka haere te tangata a te tohunga, ka mea ki te tangata nana te whakahere, Homai tetahi wahi kiko kia tunua ma te tohunga; e kore hoki ia e tango i au kiko, i te mea kohua, engari i te me a mata. 16A, ki te ki mai te tangata ki a ia, Aianei pu tahuna ai e ratou te ngako, a hei reira koe tango ai i ta tou ngakau i pai ai; katahi tera ka mea atu, Kahore; engari me homai e koe aianei; a, ki te kahore, ka tangohia maoritia e ahau. 17Na nui atu te hara o aua taitama i te aroaro o Ihowa: no te mea i whakarihariha nga tangata ki te whakahere a Ihowa. 18Ko Hamuera ia i minita ki te aroaro o Ihowa, he tamariki nei ia, whitiki rawa tona epora rinena. 19I hanga ano he koroka iti e tona whaea mona, a kawea ana ki a ia i tenei tau, i tenei tau, i o raua haerenga ko tana tahu ki te patu i te whakahere o te tau. 20Na ka whakapai a Eri i a Erekana raua ko tana wahine, ka mea, Ma Ihowa e homai he uri ki a koe i roto i tenei wahine mo tenei ka tukua nei ki a Ihowa. Na hoki ana raua ki to raua wahi. 21Na ka titiro a Ihowa ki a Hana, a ka hapu ano ia, ka whanau, tokotoru nga tama, tokorua nga kotiro. A tupu ana te tamaiti, a Hamuera, i te aroaro o Ihowa. 22Na kua koroheke rawa a Eri; kua rongo hoki ki nga mea katoa i mea ai ana tama ki a Iharaira katoa, ki to raua takotaoranga hoki ki nga wahine i mahi ki te whatitoka o te tapenakara o te whakaminenga. 23Na ka mea ia ki a raua, He aha korua i mahi ai i enei mea? kua rongo hoki ahau ki tenei iwi katoa ki a korua mahi kino. 24Kati ra, e aku tama; ehara hoki i te pai te korero e rangona nei e ahau: e mea ana korua i te iwi o Ihowa kia peka ke. 25Ki te hara he tangata ki tona hoa, ma te Atua te whakawa mona: tena ko tenei ka hara te tangata ki a Ihowa, ko wai hei kaiwawao mona? Heoi kihai raua i pai ki te whakarongo ki te reo o to raua papa, no te mea i pai a Ihowa kia whakamatea raua. 26A nui haere ana ano taua tamaiti, a Hamuera, e paingia ana e Ihowa, e nga tangata. 27Na ka haere mai tetahi tangata a te Atua ki a Eri, ka mea ki a ia, Ko te kupu tenei a Ihowa, Kahore ianei ahau i puta marama ki te whare o tou papa, i a ratou i Ihipa, i pononga ai i te whare o Parao? 28Kahore ranei ahau i whiriwhiri i a ia i roto i nga iwi katoa o Iharaira hei tohunga moku, hei whakaeke whakahere ki runga ki taku aata, hei tahu whakakakara, hei kakahu i te epora ki toku aroaro? a hoatu ana ki te whare o tou papa nga whakahere ahi katoa a nga tamariki a Iharaira? 29A he aha koutou i takahi ai i oku patunga tapu, i oku whakahere, i kiia e ahau mo toku nohoanga; i a koe ka whakahonore nei i au tama ki runga ake i ahau, a ka tetere nei koutou i nga mea papai o nga whakahere katoa a Iharaira, a taku iwi? 30Na reira tenei kupu a Ihowa, a te Atua o Iharaira, He tika i mea ahau, ko tou whare me te whare o tou matua ka haere i toku aroaro a ake ake: na ko ta Ihowa kupu tenei inaianei, Kahore ra hoki; ka whakahonore hoki ahau i te hunga e whakahonore a na i ahau, ka whakaiti ano i te hunga e whakahawea ana ki ahau. 31Nana, meake puta nga ra e tapahia ai e ahau tou ringa, me te ringa o te whare o tou papa, a kore iho tetahi koroheke i roto i tou whare. 32A ka kite koe i te tukinotanga i toku nohoanga, i nga pai katoa e hoatu e te Atua ki a Iharaira; e kore ano tou whare e whai koroheke a ake ake. 33Na, ko te tangata au e kore e hautopea atu i taku aata, ka ai ia hei whakapaunga mo ou kanohi, hei whakamamae mo tou ngakau: whakakaumatua kau hoki nga whanau hou o tou whare, ka mate i to ratou taiohinga. 34Ko te tohu hoki tenei ki a koe, ka puta ki au tama tokorua, ki a Hoponi raua ko Pinehaha, kotahi ano te ra e mate ai raua tokorua. 35A ka whakaarahia ake e ahau he tohunga pono maku, hei mahi i ta toku ngakau, i ta toku hinengaro i pai ai, maku ano e hanga he whare pumau mona; a ka haereere ia i nga ra katoa i te aroaro o taku e whakawahi ai. 36A, ko te hunga katoa e mahue iho ki tou whare, ka haere mai, ka piko iho ki a ia mo tetahi pihi hiriwa, mo tetahi wahi taro, ka mea, Tena koe, kia uru atu ahau ki tetahi o nga mahi tohunga, kia kai ai ahau i tetahi kongakonga taro.
Jamieson Fausset Brown Bible Commentary 1 HANNAH'S SONG IN THANKFULNESS TO GOD. (
1Sam 2:1-11)
Hannah prayed, and said--Praise and prayer are inseparably conjoined in Scripture (
Col 4:2;
1Tim 2:1). This beautiful song was her tribute of thanks for the divine goodness in answering her petition.
mine horn is exalted in the Lord--Allusion is here made to a peculiarity in the dress of Eastern women about Lebanon, which seems to have obtained anciently among the Israelite women, that of wearing a tin or silver horn on the forehead, on which their veil is suspended. Wives, who have no children, wear it projecting in an oblique direction, while those who become mothers forthwith raise it a few inches higher, inclining towards the perpendicular, and by this slight but observable change in their headdress, make known, wherever they go, the maternal character which they now bear.
5 they that were hungry ceased--that is, to hunger.
the barren hath born seven--that is, many children.
6 he bringeth down to the grave, and bringeth up--that is, He reduces to the lowest state of degradation and misery, and restores to prosperity and happiness.
8 He raiseth up the poor out of the dust, and lifteth up the beggar from the dunghill--The dunghill, a pile of horse, cow, or camel offal, heaped up to dry in the sun, and used as fuel, was, and is, one of the common haunts of the poorest mendicants; and the change that had been made in the social position of Hannah, appeared to her grateful heart as auspicious and as great as the elevation of a poor despised beggar to the highest and most dignified rank.
inherit the throne of glory--that is, possesses seats of honor.
10 the Lord shall judge the ends of the earth . . . exalt the horn of his anointed--This is the first place in Scripture where the word "anointed," or Messiah, occurs; and as there was no king in Israel at the time, it seems the best interpretation to refer it to Christ. There is, indeed, a remarkable resemblance between the song of Hannah and that of Mary (
Luke 1:46).
11 the child did minister unto the Lord before Eli the priest--He must have been engaged in some occupation suited to his tender age, as in playing upon the cymbals, or other instruments of music; in lighting the lamps, or similar easy and interesting services.
12 THE SIN OF ELl'S SONS. (
1Sam 2:12-17)
Now the sons of Eli were sons of Belial--not only careless and irreligious, but men loose in their actions, and vicious and scandalous in their habits. Though professionally engaged in sacred duties, they were not only strangers to the power of religion in the heart, but they had thrown off its restraints, and even ran, as is sometimes done in similar cases by the sons of eminent ministers, to the opposite extreme of reckless and open profligacy.
13 the priests' custom with the people--When persons wished to present a sacrifice of peace offering on the altar, the offering was brought in the first instance to the priest, and as the Lord's part was burnt, the parts appropriated respectively to the priests and offerers were to be sodden. But Eli's sons, unsatisfied with the breast and shoulder, which were the perquisites appointed to them by the divine law (
Exod 29:27;
Lev 7:31-
Lev 7:32), not only claimed part of the offerer's share, but rapaciously seized them previous to the sacred ceremony of heaving or waving (see on
Lev 7:29); and moreover they committed the additional injustice of taking up with their fork those portions which they preferred, while still raw. Pious people revolted at such rapacious and profane encroachments on the dues of the altar, as well as what should have gone to constitute the family and social feast of the offerer. The truth is, the priests having become haughty and unwilling in many instances to accept invitations to those feasts, presents of meat were sent to them; and this, though done in courtesy at first, being, in course of time, established into a right, gave rise to all the rapacious keenness of Eli's sons.
18 SAMUEL'S MINISTRY. (
1Sam 2:18-26)
But Samuel ministered before the Lord, being a child--This notice of his early services in the outer courts of the tabernacle was made to pave the way for the remarkable prophecy regarding the high priest's family.
girded with a linen ephod--A small shoulder-garment or apron, used in the sacred service by the inferior priests and Levites; sometimes also by judges or eminent persons, and hence allowed to Samuel, who, though not a Levite, was devoted to God from his birth.
19 his mother made him a little coat, and brought it to him from year to year--Aware that he could not yet render any useful service to the tabernacle, she undertook the expense of supplying him with wearing apparel. All weaving stuffs, manufacture of cloth, and making of suits were anciently the employment of women.
20 Eli blessed Elkanah and his wife--This blessing, like that which he had formerly pronounced, had a prophetic virtue; which, before long, appeared in the increase of Hannah's family (
1Sam 2:21), and the growing qualifications of Samuel for the service of the sanctuary.
22 the women that assembled at the door of the tabernacle--This was an institution of holy women of a strictly ascetic order, who had relinquished worldly cares and devoted themselves to the Lord; an institution which continued down to the time of Christ (
Luke 2:37). Eli was, on the whole, a good man, but lacking in the moral and religious training of his family. He erred on the side of parental indulgence; and though he reprimanded them (see on
Deut 21:18), yet, from fear or indolence, he shrank from laying on them the restraints, or subjecting them to the discipline, their gross delinquencies called for. In his judicial capacity, he winked at their flagrant acts of maladministration and suffered them to make reckless encroachments on the constitution, by which the most serious injuries were inflicted both on the rights of the people and the laws of God.
25 they hearkened not unto the voice of their father, because--it should be therefore.
the Lord would slay them--It was not God's preordination, but their own wilful and impenitent disobedience which was the cause of their destruction.
27 A PROPHECY AGAINST ELI'S HOUSE. (
1Sam 2:27-35)
there came a man of God unto Eli, and said . . . that there shall not be an old man in thine house--So much importance has always, in the East, been attached to old age, that it would be felt to be a great calamity, and sensibly to lower the respectability of any family which could boast of few or no old men. The prediction of this prophet was fully confirmed by the afflictions, degradation, poverty, and many untimely deaths with which the house of Eli was visited after its announcement (see
1Sam 4:11;
1Sam 14:3;
1Sam 22:18-23;
1Kgs 2:27).
31 I will cut off thine arm, and the arm of thy father's house--By the withdrawal of the high priesthood from Eleazar, the elder of Aaron's two sons (after Nadab and Abihu were destroyed, [
Num 3:4]), that dignity had been conferred on the family of Ithamar, to which Eli belonged, and now that his descendants had forfeited the honor, it was to be taken from them and restored to the elder branch.
32 thou shalt see an enemy in my habitation--A successful rival for the office of high priest shall rise out of another family (
2Sam 15:35;
1Chr 24:3;
1Chr 29:22). But the marginal reading, "thou shalt see the affliction of the tabernacle," seems to be a preferable translation.