1Y ESTUVO el arca de Jehová en la tierra de los Filisteos siete meses. 2Y llamando los Filisteos a los sacerdotes y adivinos, preguntaron: ¿Qué haremos del arca de Jehová? Declarádnos como la hemos de tornar a enviar a su lugar. 3Y ellos dijeron: Si enviáis el arca del Dios de Israel, no la enviéis vacía; mas pagarle heis la expiación: y entónces seréis sanos, y conoceréis por qué no se apartó de vosotros su mano. 4Y ellos dijeron: ¿Y qué será la expiación que le pagaremos? Y ellos respondieron: Conforme al número de los príncipes de los Filisteos, cinco hemorróides de oro, y cinco ratones de oro: porque la misma plaga que todos tienen, tienen también vuestros príncipes. 5Haréis pues las formas de vuestras hemorróides, y las formas de vuestros ratones, que destruyen la tierra, y daréis gloria al Dios de Israel: quizá aliviará su mano de sobre vosotros,y de sobre vuestros dioses, y de sobre vuestra tierra. 6Mas ¿por qué endureceréis vuestro corazón, como los Egipcios y Faraón endurecieron su corazón? Desde que él los hubo así tratado, ¿no los dejaron que se fuesen, y se fueron? 7Tomád pues ahora, y hacéd un carro nuevo; y tomád dos vacas que crien, a las cuales no haya sido puesto yugo; y uncíd las vacas al carro, y hacéd tornar de detrás de ellas sus becerros a casa. 8Y tomaréis el arca de Jehová, y ponerla heis sobre el carro; los vasos de oro que le pagáis en expiación, ponéd en una cajeta al lado de ella, y dejarla heis que se vaya. 9Y mirád que si sube por el camino de su término a Bet-sames, él nos ha hecho este mal tan grande: y si no, seremos ciertos que su mano no nos hirió, mas que nos ha sido accidente. 10Y aquellos varones lo hicieron así, que tomando dos vacas que criaban, unciéronlas al carro y encerraron en casa sus becerros. 11Y pusieron el arca de Jehová sobre el carro, y la cajuela con los ratones de oro, y con las formas de sus hemorróides. 12Y las vacas se encaminaron por el camino de Bet-sames, e iban por un mismo camino andando y bramando sin apartarse ni a diestra ni a siniestra. Y los príncipes de los Filisteos fueron tras ellas hasta el término de Bet-sames. 13Y los de Bet-sames segaban el trigo en el valle, y alzando sus ojos vieron el arca y holgáronse cuando la vieron. 14Y el carro vino al campo de Josué Bet-samita, y paró allí: porque allí estaba una gran piedra: y ellos cortaron la madera del carro, y ofrecieron las vacas en holocausto a Jehová. 15Y los Levitas descendieron el arca de Jehová, y la cajuela que estaba cerca de ella, en la cual estaban los vasos de oro: y pusiéronla sobre aquella gran piedra: y los varones de Bet-sames sacrificaron holocaustos, y mataron víctimas a Jehová en aquel día. 16Lo cual viendo los cinco príncipes de los Filisteos, volviéronse a Accarón el mismo día. 17Estas pues son las hemorróides de oro, que pagaron los Filisteos a Jehová en expiación. Por Azoto una, por Gaza una, por Ascalón una, por Get una, por Accarón una. 18Y ratones de oro conforme al número de todas las ciudades de los Filisteos que pertenecían a los cinco príncipes, desde las ciudades fuertes hasta las aldeas sin muro. Y hasta la gran piedra sobre la cual pusieron el arca de Jehová, en el campo de Josué Bet-samita, y hasta hoy. 19E hirió Dios de los de Bet-sames porque habían mirado el arca de Jehová: hirió en el pueblo cincuenta mil y setenta hombres. Y el pueblo puso luto, porque Jehová había herido el pueblo de tan gran plaga. 20Y dijeron los de Bet-sames: ¿Quién podrá estar delante de Jehová el Dios santo? ¿Y a quién subirá desde nosotros? 21Y enviaron mensajeros a los de Cariat-jarim, diciendo: Los Filisteos han vuelto el arca de Jehová: descendéd pues y traédla a vosotros.
Jamieson Fausset Brown Bible Commentary 1 THE PHILISTINES COUNSEL HOW TO SEND BACK THE ARK. (
1Sam 6:1-9)
the ark . . . was in the country of the Philistines seven months--Notwithstanding the calamities which its presence had brought on the country and the people, the Philistine lords were unwilling to relinquish such a prize, and tried every means to retain it with peace and safety, but in vain.
2 the Philistines called for the priests and the diviners--The designed restoration of the ark was not, it seems, universally approved of, and many doubts were expressed whether the prevailing pestilence was really a judgment of Heaven. The priests and diviners united all parties by recommending a course which would enable them easily to discriminate the true character of the calamities, and at the same time to propitiate the incensed Deity for any acts of disrespect which might have been shown to His ark.
4 Five golden emerods--Votive or thank offerings were commonly made by the heathen in prayer for, or gratitude after, deliverance from lingering or dangerous disorders, in the form of metallic (generally silver) models or images of the diseased parts of the body. This is common still in Roman Catholic countries, as well as in the temples of the Hindus and other modern heathen.
five golden mice--This animal is supposed by some to be the jerboa or jumping mouse of Syria and Egypt [BOCHART]; by others, to be the short-tailed field mouse, which often swarms in prodigious numbers and commits great ravages in the cultivated fields of Palestine.
5 give glory unto the God of Israel--By these propitiatory presents, the Philistines would acknowledge His power and make reparation for the injury done to His ark.
lighten his hand . . . from off your gods--Elohim for god.
6 Wherefore then do ye harden your hearts, as the Egyptians and Pharaoh hardened their hearts?--The memory of the appalling judgments that had been inflicted on Egypt was not yet obliterated. Whether preserved in written records, or in floating tradition, they were still fresh in the minds of men, and being extensively spread, were doubtless the means of diffusing the knowledge and fear of the true God.
7 make a new cart--Their object in making a new one for the purpose seems to have been not only for cleanliness and neatness, but from an impression that there would have been an impropriety in using one that had been applied to meaner or more common services. It appears to have been a covered wagon (see on
2Sam 6:3).
two milch kine--Such untrained heifers, wanton and vagrant, would pursue no certain and regular path, like those accustomed to the yoke, and therefore were most unlikely of their own spontaneous motion to prosecute the direct road to the land of Israel.
bring their calves home from them--The strong natural affection of the dams might be supposed to stimulate their return homewards, rather than direct their steps in a foreign country.
8 take the ark of the Lord, and lay it upon the cart--This mode of carrying the sacred symbol was forbidden; but the ignorance of the Philistines made the indignity excusable (see on
2Sam 6:6).
put the jewels . . . in a coffer by the side thereof--The way of securing treasure in the East is still in a chest, chained to the house wall or some solid part of the furniture.
9 Beth-shemesh--that is, "house of the sun," now Ain Shems [ROBINSON], a city of priests in Judah, in the southeast border of Dan, lying in a beautiful and extensive valley. JOSEPHUS says they were set a-going near a place where the road divided into two--the one leading back to Ekron, where were their calves, and the other to Beth-shemesh. Their frequent lowings attested their ardent longing for their young, and at the same time the supernatural influence that controlled their movements in a contrary direction.
12 the lords of the Philistines went after them--to give their tribute of homage, to prevent imposture, and to obtain the most reliable evidence of the truth. The result of this journey tended to their own deeper humiliation, and the greater illustration of God's glory.
14 and they clave--that is, the Beth-shemites, in an irrepressible outburst of joy.
offered the kine--Though contrary to the requirements of the law (
Lev 1:3;
Lev 22:19), these animals might properly be offered, as consecrated by God Himself; and though not beside the tabernacle, there were many instances of sacrifices offered by prophets and holy men on extraordinary occasions in other places.
17 And these are the golden emerods . . . and the mice--There were five representative images of the emerods, corresponding to the five principal cities of the Philistines. But the number of the golden mice must have been greater, for they were sent from the walled towns as well as the country villages.
18 unto the great stone of Abel--Abel, or Aben, means "stone," so that without resorting to italics, the reading should be, "the great stone."
19 he smote the men of Beth-shemesh, because they had looked into the ark--In the ecstasy of delight at seeing the return of the ark, the Beth-shemesh reapers pried into it beneath the wagon cover; and instead of covering it up again, as a sacred utensil, they let it remain exposed to common inspection, wishing it to be seen, in order that all might enjoy the triumph of seeing the votive offerings presented to it, and gratify curiosity with the sight of the sacred shrine. This was the offense of those Israelites (Levites, as well as common people), who had treated the ark with less reverence than the Philistines themselves.
he smote of the people fifty thousand and threescore and ten men--Beth-shemesh being only a village, this translation must be erroneous, and should be, "he smote fifty out of a thousand," being only fourteen hundred in all who indulged this curiosity. God, instead of decimating, according to an ancient usage, slew only a twentieth part; that is, according to JOSEPHUS, seventy out of fourteen hundred (see
Num 4:18-
Num 4:22).
21 Kirjath-jearim--"the city of woods," also called Kirjath-baal (
Josh 15:60;
Josh 18:14;
1Chr 13:6-7). This was the nearest town to Beth-shemesh; and being a place of strength, it was a more fitting place for the residence of the ark. Beth-shemesh being in a low plain, and Kirjath-jearim on a hill, explains the message, "Come ye down, and fetch it up to you."