1Saulogon mo ang bulan sa Abib, ug bantayi ang pasko alang kang Jehova nga imong Dios: kay sa bulan sa Abib. gikuha ikaw ni Jehova nga imong Dios gikan sa Egipto sa gabii. 2Ug maghalad ka sa pasko kang Jehova nga imong Dios, gikan sa mga carnero ug gikan sa mga vaca; sa dapit nga pagapilion ni Jehova nga papuy-an sa iyang ngalan. 3Dili ka magkaon uban niini ug tinapay nga adunay levadura; sa pito ka adlaw magakaon ka uban kaniya ug tinapay nga walay levadura, bisan tinapay sa kaguol, kay sa madali migula ka gikan sa yuta sa Egipto, aron nga mahinumdum ka sa adlaw nga migula ka gikan sa yuta sa Egipto sa tanan nga mga adlaw sa imong kinabuhi. 4Ug walay levadura nga hikit-an uban kanimo sa tibook mo nga utlanan sa pito ka adlaw; ni sa unod nga imong pagaihawon sa hapon sa nahaunang adlaw, nga igabilin sa tibook gabii hangtud sa pagkabuntag. 5Dili ka makahalad sa pasko sa bisan diin sulod sa imong mga ganghaan nga gihatag kanimo ni Jehova nga imong Dios; 6Kondili sa dapit nga pagapilion ni Jehova nga imong Dios, aron pagapuy-an sa iyang ngalan, magahalad ka sa pasko sa hapon sa pagkatunod sa adlaw, sa panahon nga migula ka gikan sa Egipto. 7Ug igasugba mo siya ug pagakan-on mo sa dapit nga pagapilion ni Jehova nga imong Dios: ug sa pagkabuntag bumalik ka ug pumauli sa imong mga balong-balong. 8Sa unom ka adlaw magakaon ka ug mga tinapay nga walay levadura, ug sa ikapito ka adlaw mao ang balaan nga pagkatigum kang Jehova nga imong Dios: dili ka magbuhat ug bulohaton niana . 9Pito ka semana pagaisipon mo alang kanimo: sukad nga magasugod ang paggalab sa mga uhay magasugod sa pag-isip sa pito ka semana. 10Ug magabantay ka ug fiesta sa mga semana kang Jehova nga imong Dios uban ang halad-nga-kinabubut-on sa imong kamot nga imong igahatag, ingon sa gipanalangin kanimo ni Jehova nga imong Dios. 11Ug magakalipay ka sa atubangan ni Jehova nga imong Dios, ikaw, ug ang imong anak nga lalake, ug ang imong anak nga babaye, ug ang imong ulipon nga lalake, ug ang imong ulipon nga babaye, ug ang Levihanon nga anaa sa sulod sa imong mga ganghaan ug ang dumuloong, ug ang ilo sa amahan ug ang balo nga babaye, nga anaa sa taliwala mo, sa dapit nga pagapilion ni Jehova nga imong Dios aron pagapapuy-an sa iyang ngalan. 12Ug hinumduman mo nga naulipon ka sa Egipto: ug magbantay ka ug pagatumanon mo kini nga kabalaoran. 13Magbantay ka sa fiesta sa mga tabernaculo sa pito ka adlaw, sa human mabuhat mo ang pag-ani sa imong panuig ug sa imong dapit nga pagapug-anan sa mga ubas. 14Ug magakalipay ka sa imong fiesta, ikaw, ug ang imong anak nga lalake, ug ang imong anak nga babaye ug ang imong ulipon nga lalake, ug ang imong ulipon nga babaye, ug ang Levihanon, ug ang dumuloong, ug ang ilo sa amahan, ug ang balo nga babaye nga anaa sa sulod sa imong mga ganghaan. 15Sulod sa pito ka adlaw pagabuhaton mo ang fiesta kang Jehova nga imong Dios sa dapit nga pagapilion ni Jehova; kay magapanalangin kanimo si Jehova nga imong Dios sa tanan mong mga abut ug sa tanan nga buhat sa imong mga kamot, ug magamalipayon ka gayud. 16Sa makatolo sa usa ka tuig ang tanan mong mga lalake magapakita sa atubangan ni Jehova nga imong Dios, sa dapit nga pagapilion niya; sa fiesta sa mga tinapay nga walay levadura ug sa fiesta sa mga semana, ug sa fiesta sa mga tabernaculo. Ug dili ka magapakita nga walay dala sa atubangan ni Jehova: 17Ang tagsatagsa ka tawo magahatag sa iyang hing-arangan, ingon sa panalangin ni Jehova nga imong Dios nga gihatag kanimo. 18Mga maghuhukom ug mga punoan sa lungsod igabutang mo sa tanan mo nga mga ganghaan nga igahatag kanimo ni Jehova nga imong Dios, sumala sa imong mga banay; ug sila magahukom sa katawohan sa matarung nga paghukom. 19Dili mo tuison ang katarungan; dili ka magpili ug mga tawo; dili ka usab magdawat ug hiphip; kay ang hiphip nagabuta sa mga mata sa mga makinaadmanon, ug nagabalit-ad sa mga pulong sa mga tawong matarung. 20Kadto lamang matarung ang imong pagsundon, aron mabuhi ka, ug magapanunod ka sa yuta nga ginahatag kanimo ni Jehova nga imong Dios. 21Dili ka magtanum ug kakahoyan sa bisan unsa nga kahoy nga haligi tupad sa halaran ni Jehova nga imong Dios nga imong pagabuhaton alang kanimo. 22Dili ka usab magpatindog ug larawan alang kanimo; nga ginadumtan ni Jehova nga imong Dios.
Jamieson Fausset Brown Bible Commentary 1 THE FEAST OF THE PASSOVER. (Deu. 16:1-22)
Observe the month of Abib--or first-fruits. It comprehended the latter part of our March and the beginning of April. Green ears of the barley, which were then full, were offered as first-fruits, on the second day of the passover.
for in the month of Abib the Lord thy God brought thee out of Egypt by night--This statement is apparently at variance with the prohibition (
Exod 12:22) as well as with the recorded fact that their departure took place in the morning (
Exod 13:3;
Num 33:3). But it is susceptible of easy reconciliation. Pharaoh's permission, the first step of emancipation, was extorted during the night, the preparations for departure commenced, the rendezvous at Rameses made, and the march entered on in the morning.
2 Thou shalt therefore sacrifice the passover--not the paschal lamb, which was strictly and properly the passover. The whole solemnity is here meant, as is evident from the mention of the additional victims that required to be offered on the subsequent days of the feast (
Num 28:18-
Num 28:19;
2Chr 35:8-9), and from the allusion to the continued use of unleavened bread for seven days, whereas the passover itself was to be eaten at once. The words before us are equivalent to "thou shalt observe the feast of the passover."
3 seven days shalt thou eat unleavened bread--a sour, unpleasant, unwholesome kind of bread, designed to be a memorial of their Egyptian misery and of the haste with which they departed, not allowing time for their morning dough to ferment.
5 Thou mayest not sacrifice the passover within any of thy gates--The passover was to be observed nowhere but in the court of the tabernacle or temple, as it was not a religious feast or sacramental occasion merely, but an actual sacrifice (
Exod 12:27;
Exod 23:18;
Exod 34:25). The blood had to be sprinkled on the altar and in the place where the true Passover was afterwards to be sacrificed for us "at even, at the going down of the sun"--literally, "between the evenings."
6 at the season--that is, the month and day, though not perhaps the precise hour. The immense number of victims that had to be immolated on the eve of the passover--that is, within a space of four hours--has appeared to some writers a great difficulty. But the large number of officiating priests, their dexterity and skill in the preparation of the sacrifices, the wide range of the court, the extraordinary dimensions of the altar of burnt offering and orderly method of conducting the solemn ceremonial, rendered it easy to do that in a few hours, which would otherwise have required as many days.
7 thou shalt roast and eat it--(See on
Exod 12:8; compare
2Chr 35:13).
thou shalt turn in the morning, and go unto thy tents--The sense of this passage, on the first glance of the words, seems to point to the morning after the first day--the passover eve. Perhaps, however, the divinely appointed duration of this feast, the solemn character and important object, the journey of the people from the distant parts of the land to be present, and the recorded examples of their continuing all the time (
2Chr 30:21 2Chr 35:17), (though these may be considered extraordinary, and therefore exceptional occasions), may warrant the conclusion that the leave given to the people to return home was to be on the morning after the completion of the seven days.
9 Seven weeks shalt thou number--The feast of weeks, or a WEEK OF WEEKS: the feast of pentecost (see on
Lev 23:10; also see
Exod 34:22;
Acts 2:1). As on the second day of the passover a sheaf of new barley, reaped on purpose, was offered, so on the second day of pentecost a sheaf of new wheat was presented as first-fruits (
Exod 23:16;
Num 28:26), a freewill, spontaneous tribute of gratitude to God for His temporal bounties. This feast was instituted in memory of the giving of the law, that spiritual food by which man's soul is nourished (
Deut 8:3).
13 Thou shalt observe the feast of tabernacles seven days--(See on
Exod 23:14;
Lev 23:34;
Num 29:12). Various conjectures have been formed to account for the appointment of this feast at the conclusion of the whole harvest. Some imagine that it was designed to remind the Israelites of the time when they had no cornfields to reap but were daily supplied with manna; others think that it suited the convenience of the people better than any other period of the year for dwelling in booths; others that it was the time of Moses' second descent from the mount; while a fourth class are of opinion that this feast was fixed to the time of the year when the Word was made flesh and dwelt--literally, "tabernacled"--among us (
John 1:14), Christ being actually born at that season.
15 in all the works of thine hands . . . rejoice--that is, praising God with a warm and elevated heart. According to Jewish tradition, no marriages were allowed to be celebrated during these great festivals, that no personal or private rejoicings might be mingled with the demonstrations of public and national gladness.
16 Three times in a year shall all thy males appear before the Lord thy God--No command was laid on women to undertake the journeys, partly from regard to the natural weakness of their sex, and partly to their domestic cares.
18 Judges and officers shalt thou make--These last meant heralds or bailiffs, employed in executing the sentence of their superiors.
in all thy gates--The gate was the place of public resort among the Israelites and other Eastern people, where business was transacted and causes decided. The Ottoman Porte derived its name from the administration of justice at its gates.
21 Thou shalt not plant thee a grove--A grove has in Scripture a variety of significations--a group of overshadowing trees, or a grove adorned with altars dedicated to a particular deity, or a wooden image in a grove (
Judg 6:25;
2Kgs 23:4-6). They might be placed near the earthen and temporary altars erected in the wilderness, but they could not exist either at the tabernacle or temples. They were places, which, with their usual accompaniments, presented strong allurements to idolatry; and therefore the Israelites were prohibited from planting them.
22 Neither shalt thou set thee up any image--erroneously rendered so for "pillar"; pillars of various kinds, and materials of wood or stone were erected in the neighborhood of altars. Sometimes they were conical or oblong, at other times they served as pedestals for the statues of idols. A superstitious reverence was attached to them, and hence they were forbidden.