1Josué hijo de Nun envió secretamente dos espías desde Sitim, diciéndoles: —Id y reconoced la tierra y Jericó. Ellos fueron y entraron en la casa de una mujer prostituta que se llamaba Rajab, y pasaron la noche allí. 2Entonces avisaron al rey de Jericó, diciendo: —Unos hombres de los hijos de Israel han venido aquí esta noche para explorar la tierra. 3Entonces el rey de Jericó mandó decir a Rajab: —Saca a los hombres que han venido a ti y han entrado en tu casa, porque han venido para explorar todo el país. 4Pero la mujer, que había tomado a los dos hombres y los había escondido, dijo: —Es verdad que vinieron a mí unos hombres, pero yo no sabía de dónde eran. 5Cuando iba a ser cerrada la puerta de la ciudad, siendo ya oscuro, esos hombres salieron y no sé a dónde se han ido. Perseguidlos aprisa y los alcanzaréis. 6Pero ella los había hecho subir a la azotea y los había escondido entre unos manojos de lino que tenía ordenados sobre la azotea. 7Entonces los hombres los persiguieron por el camino del Jordán, hasta los vados. Y después que salieron los que los perseguían, cerraron las puertas de la ciudad. 8Antes de que ellos se acostasen, ella subió a la azotea, donde estaban, y les dijo: 9—Sé que Jehovah os ha dado esta tierra, porque el miedo a vosotros ha caído sobre nosotros. Todos los habitantes de esta tierra se han desmoralizado a causa de vosotros. 10Porque hemos oído que Jehovah hizo que las aguas del mar Rojo se secaran delante de vosotros cuando salisteis de Egipto, y lo que habéis hecho a los dos reyes de los amorreos al otro lado del Jordán: a Sejón y a Og, a los cuales habéis destruido por completo. 11Al oír esto, nuestro corazón desfalleció. No ha quedado más aliento en ninguno a causa de vosotros, porque Jehovah vuestro Dios es Dios arriba en los cielos y abajo en la tierra. 12Y ahora, por favor, juradme por Jehovah que como he mostrado misericordia para con vosotros, así haréis vosotros con la familia de mi padre, de lo cual me daréis una señal segura. 13Dejaréis vivir a mi padre, a mi madre, a mis hermanos, a mis hermanas y a todos los suyos, y libraréis nuestras vidas de la muerte. 14Los hombres le respondieron: —Nuestra vida sea por la vuestra, hasta la muerte, si tú no hablas de este asunto nuestro. Entonces, cuando Jehovah nos haya dado la tierra, mostraremos para contigo misericordia y verdad. 15Luego ella los hizo descender con una cuerda por la ventana, porque su casa estaba sobre la muralla de la ciudad, y ella vivía en la muralla. 16Luego les dijo: —Marchaos hacia la región montañosa, para que no os encuentren los que fueron tras vosotros. Escondeos allí tres días, hasta que hayan regresado los que os persiguen. Después seguiréis vuestro camino. 17Los hombres le dijeron: —Nosotros quedaremos libres de este juramento que nos has hecho jurar, 18a menos que, cuando entremos en la tierra, ates este cordón rojo a la ventana por la cual nos has descolgado. Reunirás junto a ti en la casa a tu padre, a tu madre, a tus hermanos y a toda la familia de tu padre. 19Cualquiera que salga fuera de las puertas de tu casa, su sangre caerá sobre su propia cabeza, y nosotros quedaremos libres. Pero si alguien pone su mano sobre cualquiera que esté en la casa contigo, su sangre caerá sobre nuestra cabeza. 20También si hablas de este asunto nuestro, nosotros quedaremos libres del juramento que nos has hecho jurar. 21Ella respondió: —Como habéis dicho, así sea. Luego los despidió, y se fueron. Y ella ató el cordón rojo a la ventana. 22Caminando ellos, llegaron a la región montañosa y estuvieron allí tres días, hasta que los que los perseguían regresaron. Quienes los perseguían los buscaron por todo el camino, pero no los hallaron. 23Después, los dos hombres se volvieron, descendieron de la región montañosa y cruzaron el Jordán. Fueron a Josué hijo de Nun y le contaron todas las cosas que les habían acontecido. 24Ellos dijeron a Josué: —¡Jehovah ha entregado toda la tierra en nuestras manos! Todos los habitantes de esta tierra tiemblan ante nosotros.
Jamieson Fausset Brown Bible Commentary 1 RAHAB RECEIVES AND CONCEALS THE TWO SPIES. (
Josh 2:1-
Josh 2:7)
Joshua . . . sent . . . two men to spy secretly--Faith is manifested by an active, persevering use of means (
Jas 2:22); and accordingly Joshua, while confident in the accomplishment of the divine promise (
Josh 1:3), adopted every precaution which a skilful general could think of to render his first attempt in the invasion of Canaan successful. Two spies were despatched to reconnoitre the country, particularly in the neighborhood of Jericho; for in the prospect of investing that place, it was desirable to obtain full information as to its site, its approaches, the character, and resources of its inhabitants. This mission required the strictest privacy, and it seems to have been studiously concealed from the knowledge of the Israelites themselves, test any unfavorable or exaggerated report, publicly circulated, might have dispirited the people, as that of the spies did in the days of Moses.
Jericho--Some derive this name from a word signifying "new moon," in reference to the crescent-like plain in which it stood, formed by an amphitheater of hills; others from a word signifying "its scent," on account of the fragrance of the balsam and palm trees in which it was embosomed. Its site was long supposed to be represented by the small mud-walled hamlet Er-Riha; but recent researches have fixed on a spot about half an hour's journey westward, where large ruins exist about six or eight miles distant from the Jordan. It was for that age a strongly fortified town, the key of the eastern pass through the deep ravine, now called Wady-Kelt, into the interior of Palestine.
they . . . came into an harlot's house--Many expositors, desirous of removing the stigma of this name from an ancestress of the Saviour (
Matt 1:5), have called her a hostess or tavern keeper. But Scriptural usage (
Lev 21:7-
Lev 21:14;
Deut 23:18;
Judg 11:1;
1Kgs 3:16), the authority of the Septuagint, followed by the apostles (
Heb 11:31;
Jas 2:25), and the immemorial style of Eastern khans, which are never kept by women, establish the propriety of the term employed in our version. Her house was probably recommended to the spies by the convenience of its situation, without any knowledge of the character of the inmates. But a divine influence directed them in the choice of that lodging-place.
2 it was told the king--by the sentinels who at such a time of threatened invasion would be posted on the eastern frontier and whose duty required them to make a strict report to headquarters of the arrival of all strangers.
4 the woman took the two men, and hid them--literally, "him," that is, each of them in separate places, of course previous to the appearance of the royal messengers and in anticipation of a speedy search after her guests. According to Eastern manners, which pay an almost superstitious respect to a woman's apartment, the royal messengers did not demand admittance to search but asked her to bring the foreigners out.
5 the time of shutting of the gates--The gates of all Oriental cities are closed at sunset, after which there is no possibility either of admission or egress.
the men went out--This was a palpable deception. But, as lying is a common vice among heathen people, Rahab was probably unconscious of its moral guilt, especially as she resorted to it as a means for screening her guests; and she might deem herself bound to do it by the laws of Eastern hospitality, which make it a point of honor to preserve the greatest enemy, if he has once eaten one's salt. Judged by the divine law, her answer was a sinful expedient; but her infirmity being united with faith, she was graciously pardoned and her service accepted (
Jas 2:25).
6 she had brought them up to the roof of the house, and hid them with the stalks of flax--Flax, with other vegetable productions, is at a certain season spread out on the flat roofs of Eastern houses to be dried in the sun; and, after lying awhile, it is piled up in numerous little stacks, which, from the luxuriant growth of the flax, rise to a height of three or four feet. Behind some of these stacks Rahab concealed the spies.
7 the men pursued after them the way to Jordan unto the fords--That river is crossed at several well-known fords. The first and second immediately below the sea of Galilee; the third and fourth immediately above and below the pilgrims' bathing-place, opposite Jericho.
as soon as they which pursued after them were gone out, they shut the gate--This precaution was to ensure the capture of the spies, should they have been lurking in the city.
8 THE COVENANT BETWEEN HER AND THEM. (
Josh 2:8-
Josh 2:21)
she came up unto them upon the roof and said--Rahab's dialogue is full of interest, as showing the universal panic and consternation of the Canaanites on the one hand (
Josh 24:11;
Deut 2:25), and her strong convictions on the other, founded on a knowledge of the divine promise, and the stupendous miracles that had opened the way of the Israelites to the confines of the promised land. She was convinced of the supremacy of Jehovah, and her earnest stipulations for the preservation of her relatives amid the perils of the approaching invasion, attest the sincerity and strength of her faith.
14 the men answered her, Our life for yours, if ye utter not this our business--This was a solemn pledge--a virtual oath, though the name of God is not mentioned; and the words were added, not as a condition of their fidelity, but as necessary for her safety, which might be endangered if the private agreement was divulged.
15 her house was upon the town wall--In many Oriental cities houses are built on the walls with overhanging windows; in others the town wall forms the back wall of the house, so that the window opens into the country. Rahab's was probably of this latter description, and the cord or rope sufficiently strong to bear the weight of a man.
16 she said--rather "she had said," for what follows must have been part of the previous conversation.
Get you to the mountain--A range of white limestone hills extends on the north, called Quarantania (now Jebel Karantu), rising to a height of from twelve hundred to fifteen hundred feet, and the sides of which are perforated with caves. Some one peak adjoining was familiarly known to the inhabitants as "the mountain." The prudence and propriety of the advice to flee in that direction rather than to the ford, were made apparent by the sequel.
21 she bound the scarlet line in the window--probably soon after the departure of the spies. It was not formed, as some suppose, into network, as a lattice, but simply to hang down the wall. Its red color made it conspicuous, and it was thus a sign and pledge of safety to Rahab's house, as the bloody mark on the lintels of the houses of the Israelites in Egypt to that people.