1A, i muri iho i te matenga o Hohua, na ka ui nga tamariki a Iharaira ki a Ihowa, ka mea, Ko wai e matua haere mo matou ki runga ki nga Kanaani ki te whawhai ki a ratou? 2Na ka mea a Ihowa, Ko Hura e haere: nana, kua hoatu e ahau te whenua ki tona ringa. 3Na ka mea a Hura ki a Himiona ki tona tuakana, Hoake taua ki toku wahi, kia whawhai ai taua ki nga Kanaani; a ka haere ai hoki ahau i a koe ki tou wahi. Na haere ana raua ko Himiona. 4A, ko te haerenga atu o Hura, ka homai e Ihowa nga Kanaani me nga Perihi ki o ratou ringa, a patua iho o ratou ki Peheke kotahi tekau mano tangata. 5I rokohanga ano a Aronipeheke ki Peheke, a whawhai ana ki a ia, a patua iho nga Kanaani me nga Perihi. 6Na ka rere a Aronipeheke, a whaia ana e ratou, a ka mau, na tapahia ana nga koromatua o ona ringa, o ona waewae. 7Na ka mea a Aronipeheke, E whitu tekau nga kingi, he mea tapahi nga koromatua o o ratou ringa, o o ratou waewae, i kohi kai i raro i taku tepu: ko taku i mea ai, kua whakahokia mai e te Atua ki ahau. Na ka kawea ia ki Hiruharama, a mate iho ki re ira. 8I tauria hoki a Hiruharama e nga tamariki a Hura, a horo ana i a ratou, patua iho e ratou ki te mata o te hoari, tahuna ake hoki e ratou te pa ki te ahi. 9A muri iho ka haere ki raro nga tamariki a Hura ki te whawhai ki nga Kanaani i noho i te whenua pukepuke i te tonga, i te mania. 10Na haere ana a Hura, whawhai ana ki nga Kanaani i noho ki Heperona: na, ko te ingoa o Heperona i mua ko Kiriata Arapa: patua iho e ratou a Hehai, a Ahimana, ratou ko Taramai. 11Na ka haere atu ia i reira, ka whawhai kinga tangata o Repiri; a, ko te ingoa o Repiri i mua ko Kiriata Hepere: 12Na ka mea a Karepe, Ko te tangata e patua ai a Kiriata Hepere, a e horo ai, ka hoatu e ahau taku tamahine, a Akaha hei wahine mana. 13Na ka horo i a Otoniere tama a Kenaha teina o Karepe, a hoatu ana e ia tana tamahine, a Akaha hei wahine mana. 14A, no taenga atu o taua wahine ki a ia, ka whakakiki i a ia kia tonoa he mara i tona papa; a ka marere iho ia ki raro i tona kaihe; na ka mea a Karepe ki a ia, He aha tau? 15Na ka mea ia ki a ia, Homai he manaakitanga moku, kei te tonga hoki te whenua i homai e koe moku; homai ano hoki etahi puna wai moku. Na hoatu ana e Karepe ki a ia nga puna o runga me nga puna o raro. 16Na ka haere nga tamariki a te Keni, a te hungawai o Mohi, i te pa nikau, ratou ko nga tamariki a Hura, ki te koraha o Hura, ki te tonga o Arara, a haere ana, noho ana i roto i te iwi. 17Na ka haere a Hura raua ko tona tuakana ko Himiona, a patua iho e ratou nga Kanaani i noho i Hepata, whakangaromia iho; na reira i huaina ai te ingoa o taua pa, ko Horema. 18A i riro ano i a Hura a Kaha me tona rohe, a Ahakerono me tona rohe, a Ekerono me tona rohe. 19A i a Hura a Ihowa, a peia atu ana e ia nga tangata o te whenua pukepuke; otiia kihai i taea e ia te pei nga tangata o te mania; no te mea he hariata rino a ratou. 20I hoatu ano e ratou a Heperona ki a Karepe, i pera me ta Mohi i korero ai: a peia atu ana e ia i reira nga tama tokotoru a Anaka. 21Ko nga Iepuhi ia i noho ki Hiruharama, kihai i peia atu e nga tamariki a Pineamine, na noho ana te Iepuhi i roto i nga tamariki a Pineamine ki Hiruharama a taea noatia tenei ra. 22Me te whare ano o Hohepa, i haere atu ki te whawhai ki Peteere, a i a ratou a Ihowa. 23A i tuteia a Peteere e te whare o Hohepa. Na, ko te ingoa o taua pa i mua ko Rutu. 24Na ka kitea e nga kaiwhanga tetahi tangata e puta mai ana i te pa, a ka mea ki a ia, Tena, whakaaturia ki a matou te tomokanga atu ki te pa, a ka puta ta matou koha ki a koe. 25Katahi ka whakaaturia e ia ki a ratou te tomokanga atu ki te pa, a patua iho e ratou te pa ki te mata o te hoari; ko taua tangata ia ratou ko tona hapu katoa i tukua atu e ratou. 26Na haere ana taua tangata ki te whenua o nga Hiti, a hanga ana tetahi pa e ia, huaina iho te ingoa ko Rutu: ko tona ingoa ano tena a taea noatia tenei ra. 27Otiia kihai i peia e Manahi nga tangata o Peteheana me ona pa ririki, o Taanaka me ona pa ririki, nga tangata ano hoki o Roro, o ona pa ririki, nga tangata o Ipireama, o ona pa ririki, nga tangata o Mekiro, o ona pa ririki: heoi ka mea nga Kanaa ni kia noho ki taua whenua. 28A, no ka kaha haere a Iharaira, ka meinga e ratou nga Kanaani hei kaihomai takoha, kihai hoki ratou i peia rawatia atu. 29Kihai ano hoki a Eparaima i pei atu i nga Kanaani i noho ki Ketere: heoi noho ana nga Kanaani ki Ketere i waenganui i a ratou. 30Kihai a Hepurona i pei atu i nga tangata o Kitirono; i nga tangata ano hoki o Naharoro: heoi ka noho nga Kanaani i waenganui i a ratou, a meinga ana hei kaihomai takoha. 31Kihai a Ahera i pei atu i nga tangata o Ako, i nga tangata ranei o Hairona, o Aharapa, o Akatipi, o Herepa, o Apiki, o Rehopo; 32Na ka noho nga Aheri ki waenganui o nga Kanaani, o nga tangata whenua; no te mea kihai ratou i pei atu i a ratou. 33Kihai a Napatari i pei atu i nga tangata o Petehemehe, i nga tangata hoki o Peteanata; heoi noho ana ia i waenganui o nga Kanaani, o nga tangata whenua: otiia i meinga nga tangata o Petehemehe, o Peteanata, hei kaihomai takoha ki a ratou. 34Na i akina atu e nga Amori nga tamariki a Rana ki te whenua pukepuke: kihai hoki ratou i tukua kia heke ki te mania. 35Heoi ka mea nga Amori kia noho ki Maunga Herehe, ki Aitarono, ki Haarapimi: otiia i kaha ano te ringa o te whare o Hohepa, a ka meinga ratou hei kaihomai takoha. 36Na ko te rohe ki nga Amori kei te pinakitanga ki Akarapimi; kei te kamaka a ahu whakarunga.
Jamieson Fausset Brown Bible Commentary 1 THE ACTS OF JUDAH AND SIMEON. (
Judg 1:1-
Judg 1:3)
Now after the death of Joshua--probably not a long period, for the Canaanites seem to have taken advantage of that event to attempt recovering their lost position, and the Israelites were obliged to renew the war.
the children of Israel asked the Lord--The divine counsel on this, as on other occasions, was sought by Urim and Thummim, by applying to the high priest, who, according to JOSEPHUS, was Phinehas.
saying, Who shall go up for us against the Canaanites first--The elders, who exercised the government in their respective tribes, judged rightly, that in entering upon an important expedition, they should have a leader nominated by divine appointment; and in consulting the oracle, they adopted a prudent course, whether the object of their inquiry related to the choice of an individual commander, or to the honor of precedency among the tribes.
2 the Lord said, Judah shall go up--The predicted pre-eminence (
Gen 49:8) was thus conferred upon Judah by divine direction, and its appointment to take the lead in the ensuing hostilities was of great importance, as the measure of success by which its arms were crowned, would animate the other tribes to make similar attempts against the Canaanites within their respective territories.
I have delivered the land into his hand--not the whole country, but the district assigned for his inheritance.
3 Judah said unto Simeon his brother, Come up with me . . ., that we may fight against the Canaanites--Being conterminous tribes (
Josh 19:1-
Josh 19:2), they had a common interest, and were naturally associated in this enterprise.
5 ADONI-BEZEK JUSTLY REQUITED. (Jdg. 1:4-21)
Bezek--This place lay within the domain of Judah, about twelve miles south of Jerusalem.
found Adoni-bezek--that is, "lord of Bezek"--he was "found," that is, surprised and routed in a pitched battle, whence he fled; but being taken prisoner, he was treated with a severity unusual among the Israelites, for they "cut off his thumbs and great toes." Barbarities of various kinds were commonly practised on prisoners of war in ancient times, and the object of this particular mutilation of the hands and feet was to disable them for military service ever after. The infliction of such a horrid cruelty on this Canaanite chief would have been a foul stain on the character of the Israelites if there were not reason for believing it was done by them as an act of retributive justice, and as such it was regarded by Adoni-bezek himself, whose conscience read his atrocious crimes in their punishment.
7 Threescore and ten kings--So great a number will not appear strange, when it is considered that anciently every ruler of a city or large town was called a king. It is not improbable that in that southern region of Canaan, there might, in earlier times, have been even more till a turbulent chief like Adoni-bezek devoured them in his insatiable ambition.
8 Now the children of Judah had fought against Jerusalem, and had taken it--The capture of this important city, which ranks among the early incidents in the war of invasion (
Josh 15:63), is here noticed to account for its being in the possession of the Judahites; and they brought Adoni-bezek thither [
Judg 1:7], in order, probably, that his fate being rendered so public, might inspire terror far and wide. Similar inroads were made into the other unconquered parts of Judah's inheritance [
Judg 1:9-
Judg 1:11]. The story of Caleb's acquisition of Hebron is here repeated (
Josh 15:16-
Josh 15:19). [See on
Josh 15:16.]
16 the children of the Kenite, Moses' father-in-law, went up out of the city of palm trees with the children of Judah--called "the Kenite," as probably descended from the people of that name (
Num 24:21-
Num 24:22). If he might not himself, his posterity did accept the invitation of Moses (
Num 10:32) to accompany the Israelites to Canaan. Their first encampment was in the "city of palm trees"--not Jericho, of course, which was utterly destroyed, but the surrounding district, perhaps En-gedi, in early times called Hazezon-tamar (
Gen 14:7), from the palm-grove which sheltered it. Thence they removed for some unknown cause, and associating themselves with Judah, joined in an expedition against Arad, in the southern part of Canaan (
Num 21:1). On the conquest of that district, some of this pastoral people pitched their tents there, while others migrated to the north (
Judg 4:17).
17 And Judah went with Simeon his brother--The course of the narrative is here resumed from
Judg 1:9, and an account given of Judah returning the services of Simeon (
Judg 1:3), by aiding in the prosecution of the war within the neighboring tribes.
slew the Canaanites that inhabited Zephath--or Zephathah (
2Chr 14:10), a valley lying in the southern portion of Canaan.
Hormah--destroyed in fulfilment of an early vow of the Israelites (see on
Num 21:2). The confederate tribes, pursuing their incursions in that quarter, came successively to Gaza, Askelon, and Ekron, which they took. But the Philistines seem soon to have regained possession of these cities.
19 the Lord was with Judah; . . . but they could not drive out the inhabitants of the valley--The war was of the Lord, whose omnipotent aid would have ensured their success in every encounter, whether on the mountains or the plains, with foot soldiers or cavalry. It was distrust, the want of a simple and firm reliance on the promise of God, that made them afraid of the iron chariots (see on
Josh 11:4-
Josh 11:9).
21 the children of Benjamin did not drive out the Jebusites that inhabited Jerusalem--Judah had expelled the people from their part of Jerusalem (
Judg 1:8). The border of the two tribes ran through the city--Israelites and natives must have been closely intermingled.
22 SOME CANAANITES LEFT. (
Judg 1:22-
Judg 1:26)
the house of Joseph--the tribe of Ephraim, as distinguished from Manasseh (
Judg 1:27).
24 the spies . . . said, . . . Show us, . . . the entrance into the city--that is, the avenues to the city, and the weakest part of the walls.
we will show thee mercy--The Israelites might employ these means of getting possession of a place which was divinely appropriated to them: they might promise life and rewards to this man, though he and all the Canaanites were doomed to destruction (
Josh 2:12-
Josh 2:14); but we may assume the promise was suspended on his embracing the true religion, or quitting the country, as he did. If they had seen him to be firmly opposed to either of these alternatives, they would not have constrained him by promises any more than by threats to betray his countrymen. But if they found him disposed to be serviceable, and to aid the invaders in executing the will of God, they might promise to spare him.
26 Luz--(See on
Gen 12:7;
Gen 28:18).
27 The same course of subjugation was carried on in the other tribes to a partial extent, and with varying success. Many of the natives, no doubt, during the progress of this exterminating war, saved themselves by flight and became, it is thought, the first colonists in Greece, Italy, and other countries. But a large portion made a stout resistance and retained possession of their old abodes in Canaan. In other cases, when the natives were vanquished, avarice led the Israelites to spare the idolaters, contrary to the express command of God; and their disobedience to His orders in this matter involved them in many troubles which this book describes.