1ΚαὶG2532{CONJ} ἐβασίλευσανG936{V-AAI-3P} οἱG3588{T-NPM} κατοικοῦντεςG2730{V-PAPNP} ἐνG1722{PREP} ΙερουσαλημG2419{N-PRI} τὸνG3588{T-ASM} Οχοζιαν{N-ASM} υἱὸνG5207{N-ASM} αὐτοῦG846{D-GSM} τὸνG3588{T-ASM} μικρὸνG3398{A-ASM} ἀντ᾽G473{INJ} αὐτοῦG846{D-GSM}, ὅτιG3754{CONJ} πάνταςG3956{A-APM} τοὺςG3588{T-APM} πρεσβυτέρουςG4245{A-APMC} ἀπέκτεινενG615{V-AAI-3S} τὸG3588{T-NSN} λῃστήριον{N-NSN} τὸG3588{T-NSN} ἐπελθὸνG1904{V-AAPNS} ἐπ᾽G1909{PREP} αὐτούςG846{D-APM}, οἱG3588{T-NPM} ἌραβεςG690{N-PRI} καὶG2532{CONJ} οἱG3588{T-NPM} Αλιμαζονεῖς{N-PRI}· καὶG2532{CONJ} ἐβασίλευσενG936{V-AAI-3S} Οχοζιας{N-NSM} υἱὸςG5207{N-NSM} ΙωραμG2496{N-PRI} βασιλέωςG935{N-GSM} ΙουδαG2448{N-PRI}. 2ὢνG1510{V-PAPNS} εἴκοσιG1501{N-NUI} ἐτῶνG2094{N-GPN} Οχοζιας{N-NSM} ἐβασίλευσενG936{V-AAI-3S} καὶG2532{CONJ} ἐνιαυτὸνG1763{N-ASM} ἕναG1519{A-ASM} ἐβασίλευσενG936{V-AAI-3S} ἐνG1722{PREP} ΙερουσαλημG2419{N-PRI}, καὶG2532{CONJ} ὄνομαG3686{N-NSN} τῇG3588{T-DSF} μητρὶG3384{N-DSF} αὐτοῦG846{D-GSM} Γοθολια{N-NSF} θυγάτηρG2364{N-NSF} Αμβρι{N-PRI}. 3καὶG2532{CONJ} οὗτοςG3778{D-NSM} ἐπορεύθηG4198{V-API-3S} ἐνG1722{PREP} ὁδῷG3598{N-DSF} οἴκουG3624{N-GSM} Αχααβ{N-PRI}, ὅτιG3754{CONJ} μήτηρG3384{N-NSF} αὐτοῦG846{D-GSM} ἦνG1510{V-IAI-3S} σύμβουλοςG4825{N-NSM} τοῦG3588{T-GSN} ἁμαρτάνεινG264{V-PAN}· 4καὶG2532{CONJ} ἐποίησενG4160{V-AAI-3S} τὸG3588{T-ASN} πονηρὸνG4190{A-ASN} ἐναντίονG1726{PREP} יהוהH3068{N-GSM} ὡςG3739{ADV} οἶκοςG3624{N-NSM} Αχααβ{N-PRI}, ὅτιG3754{CONJ} αὐτοὶG846{D-NPM} ἦσανG1510{V-IAI-3P} αὐτῷG846{D-DSM} μετὰG3326{PREP} τὸG3588{T-ASN} ἀποθανεῖνG599{V-AAN} τὸνG3588{T-ASM} πατέραG3962{N-ASM} αὐτοῦG846{D-GSM} σύμβουλοιG4825{N-NPM} τοῦG3588{T-GSN} ἐξολεθρεῦσαιG1842{V-AAN} αὐτόνG846{D-ASM}, 5καὶG2532{CONJ} ἐνG1722{PREP} ταῖςG3588{T-DPF} βουλαῖςG1012{N-DPF} αὐτῶνG846{D-GPM} ἐπορεύθηG4198{V-API-3S}. καὶG2532{CONJ} ἐπορεύθηG4198{V-API-3S} μετὰG3326{PREP} ΙωραμG2496{N-PRI} υἱοῦG5207{N-GSM} Αχααβ{N-PRI} εἰςG1519{PREP} πόλεμονG4171{N-ASM} ἐπὶG1909{PREP} ΑζαηλG2476{N-PRI} βασιλέαG935{N-ASM} ΣυρίαςG4947{N-GSF} εἰςG1519{PREP} ΡαμαG4471{N-PRI} Γαλααδ{N-PRI}· καὶG2532{CONJ} ἐπάταξανG3960{V-AAI-3P} οἱG3588{T-NPM} τοξόται{N-NPM} τὸνG3588{T-ASM} ΙωραμG2496{N-PRI}. 6καὶG2532{CONJ} ἐπέστρεψενG1994{V-AAI-3S} ΙωραμG2496{N-PRI} τοῦG3588{T-GSN} ἰατρευθῆναι{V-APN} εἰςG1519{PREP} Ιεζραελ{N-PRI} ἀπὸG575{PREP} τῶνG3588{T-GPF} πληγῶνG4127{N-GPF}, ὧνG3739{R-GPF} ἐπάταξανG3960{V-AAI-3P} αὐτὸνG846{D-ASM} οἱG3588{T-NPM} ΣύροιG4948{N-NPM} ἐνG1722{PREP} ΡαμαG4471{N-PRI} ἐνG1722{PREP} τῷG3588{T-DSN} πολεμεῖνG4170{V-PAN} αὐτὸνG846{D-ASM} πρὸςG4314{PREP} ΑζαηλG2476{N-PRI} βασιλέαG935{N-ASM} ΣυρίαςG4947{N-GSF}· καὶG2532{CONJ} Οχοζιας{N-NSM} υἱὸςG5207{N-NSM} ΙωραμG2496{N-PRI} βασιλεὺςG935{N-NSM} ΙουδαG2448{N-PRI} κατέβηG2597{V-AAI-3S} θεάσασθαιG2300{V-AMP} τὸνG3588{T-ASM} ΙωραμG2496{N-PRI} υἱὸνG5207{N-ASM} Αχααβ{N-PRI} εἰςG1519{PREP} Ιεζραελ{N-PRI}, ὅτιG3754{CONJ} ἠρρώστειG731{V-IAI-3S}. 7καὶG2532{CONJ} παρὰG3844{PREP} τοῦG3588{T-GSM} θεοῦG2316{N-GSM} ἐγένετοG1096{V-ANI-3S} καταστροφὴG2692{N-NSF} Οχοζια{N-DSM} ἐλθεῖνG2064{V-AAN} πρὸςG4314{PREP} ΙωραμG2496{N-PRI}· καὶG2532{CONJ} ἐνG1722{PREP} τῷG3588{T-DSN} ἐλθεῖνG2064{V-AAN} αὐτὸνG846{D-ASM} ἐξῆλθενG1831{V-AAI-3S} μετ᾽G3326{PREP} αὐτοῦG846{D-GSM} ΙωραμG2496{N-PRI} πρὸςG4314{PREP} ΙουG2447{N-PRI} υἱὸνG5207{N-ASM} Ναμεσσι{N-PRI} χριστὸνG5547{A-ASM} יהוהH3068{N-GSM} τὸνG3588{T-ASM} οἶκονG3624{N-ASM} Αχααβ{N-PRI}. 8καὶG2532{CONJ} ἐγένετοG1096{V-ANI-3S} ὡςG3739{CONJ} ἐξεδίκησενG1556{V-AAI-3S} ΙουG2447{N-PRI} τὸνG3588{T-ASM} οἶκονG3624{N-ASM} Αχααβ{N-PRI}, καὶG2532{CONJ} εὗρενG2147{V-AAI-3S} τοὺςG3588{T-APM} ἄρχονταςG758{N-APM} ΙουδαG2448{N-PRI} καὶG2532{CONJ} τοὺςG3588{T-APM} ἀδελφοὺςG80{N-APM} Οχοζια{N-DSM} λειτουργοῦνταςG3008{V-PAPAP} τῷG3588{T-DSM} Οχοζια{N-DSM} καὶG2532{CONJ} ἀπέκτεινενG615{V-AAI-3S} αὐτούςG846{D-APM}. 9καὶG2532{CONJ} εἶπενG2036{V-AAI-3S} τοῦG3588{T-GSN} ζητῆσαιG2212{V-AAN} τὸνG3588{T-ASM} Οχοζιαν{N-ASM}, καὶG2532{CONJ} κατέλαβονG2638{V-AAI-3P} αὐτὸνG846{D-ASM} ἰατρευόμενον{V-PMPAS} ἐνG1722{PREP} ΣαμαρείᾳG4540{N-DSF} καὶG2532{CONJ} ἤγαγονG71{V-AAI-3P} αὐτὸνG846{D-ASM} πρὸςG4314{PREP} ΙουG2447{N-PRI}, καὶG2532{CONJ} ἀπέκτεινενG615{V-AAI-3S} αὐτόνG846{D-ASM}. καὶG2532{CONJ} ἔθαψανG2290{V-AAI-3P} αὐτόνG846{D-ASM}, ὅτιG3754{CONJ} εἶπανG2036{V-AAI-3P} ΥἱὸςG5207{N-NSM} ΙωσαφατG2498{N-PRI} ἐστίνG1510{V-PAI-3S}, ὃςG3739{R-NSM} ἐζήτησενG2212{V-AAI-3S} τὸνG3588{T-ASM} יהוהH3068{N-ASM} ἐνG1722{PREP} ὅλῃG3650{A-DSF} καρδίᾳG2588{N-DSF} αὐτοῦG846{D-GSM}. καὶG2532{CONJ} οὐκG3364{ADV} ἦνG1510{V-IAI-3S} ἐνG1722{PREP} οἴκῳG3624{N-DSM} Οχοζια{N-GSM} κατισχῦσαιG2729{V-AAN} δύναμινG1411{N-ASF} περὶG4012{PREP} τῆςG3588{T-GSF} βασιλείαςG932{N-GSF}. 10ΚαὶG2532{CONJ} Γοθολια{N-NSF} ἡG3588{T-NSF} μήτηρG3384{N-NSF} Οχοζια{N-NSM} εἶδενG3708{V-AAI-3S} ὅτιG3754{CONJ} τέθνηκενG2348{V-RAI-3S} αὐτῆςG846{D-GSF} ὁG3588{T-NSM} υἱόςG5207{N-NSM}, καὶG2532{CONJ} ἠγέρθηG1453{V-API-3S} καὶG2532{CONJ} ἀπώλεσενG622{V-AAI-3S} πᾶνG3956{A-ASN} τὸG3588{T-ASN} σπέρμαG4690{N-ASN} τῆςG3588{T-GSF} βασιλείαςG932{N-GSF} ἐνG1722{PREP} οἴκῳG3624{N-DSM} ΙουδαG2448{N-PRI}. 11καὶG2532{CONJ} ἔλαβενG2983{V-AAI-3S} Ιωσαβεθ{N-PRI} ἡG3588{T-NSF} θυγάτηρG2364{N-NSF} τοῦG3588{T-GSM} βασιλέωςG935{N-GSM} τὸνG3588{T-ASM} Ιωας{N-PRI} υἱὸνG5207{N-ASM} Οχοζια{N-GSM} καὶG2532{CONJ} ἔκλεψενG2813{V-AAI-3S} αὐτὸνG846{D-ASM} ἐκG1537{PREP} μέσουG3319{A-GSM} υἱῶνG5207{N-GPM} τοῦG3588{T-GSM} βασιλέωςG935{N-GSM} τῶνG3588{T-GPM} θανατουμένωνG2289{V-PMPGP} καὶG2532{CONJ} ἔδωκενG1325{V-AAI-3S} αὐτὸνG846{D-ASM} καὶG2532{CONJ} τὴνG3588{T-ASF} τροφὸνG5162{N-ASF} αὐτοῦG846{D-GSM} εἰςG1519{PREP} ταμίειονG5009{N-ASN} τῶνG3588{T-GPF} κλινῶνG2825{N-GPF}· καὶG2532{CONJ} ἔκρυψενG2928{V-AAI-3S} αὐτὸνG846{D-ASM} Ιωσαβεθ{N-PRI} θυγάτηρG2364{N-NSF} τοῦG3588{T-GSM} βασιλέωςG935{N-GSM} ΙωραμG2496{N-PRI} ἀδελφὴG79{N-NSF} Οχοζιου{N-GSM} γυνὴG1135{N-NSF} Ιωδαε{N-PRI} τοῦG3588{T-GSM} ἱερέωςG2409{N-GSM} καὶG2532{CONJ} ἔκρυψενG2928{V-AAI-3S} αὐτὸνG846{D-ASM} ἀπὸG575{PREP} προσώπουG4383{N-GSN} Γοθολιας{N-GSF}, καὶG2532{CONJ} οὐκG3364{ADV} ἀπέκτεινενG615{V-AAI-3S} αὐτόνG846{D-ASM}. 12καὶG2532{CONJ} ἦνG1510{V-IAI-3S} μετ᾽G3326{PREP} αὐτῆςG846{D-GSF} ἐνG1722{PREP} οἴκῳG3624{N-DSM} τοῦG3588{T-GSM} θεοῦG2316{N-GSM} κατακεκρυμμένος{V-RMPNS} ἓξG1803{N-NUI} ἔτηG2094{N-APN}, καὶG2532{CONJ} Γοθολια{N-NSF} ἐβασίλευσενG936{V-AAI-3S} ἐπὶG1909{PREP} τῆςG3588{T-GSF} γῆςG1065{N-GSF}.
Matthew Henry - Complete Commentary 1 We have here an account of the reign of Ahaziah, a short reign (of one year only), yet long enough, unless it had been better. He was called
Jeho-ahaz (
2Chr 21:17); here he is called
Ahaz-iah, which is the same name and of the same signification, only the words of which it is compounded are transposed. He is here said to be forty-two years old when he began to reign (
2Chr 22:2), which could not be, for his father, his immediate predecessor, was but forty when he died, and it is said (
2Kgs 8:26) that he was twenty-two years old when
he began to reign. Some make this forty-two to be the age of his mother Athaliah, for in the original it is,
he was the son of forty-two years, that is, the son of a mother that was of that age; and justly is her age put for his, in reproach to him, because she managed him, and did what she would - she, in effect, reigned, and he had little more than the title of king. Many good expositors are ready to allow that this, with some few more such difficulties, arise from the mistake of some transcriber, who put forty-two for twenty-two, and the copies by which the error should have been corrected might be lost. Many ancient translations read it here twenty-two. Few books are now printed without some
errata, yet the authors do not therefore disown them, nor are the errors of the press imputed to the author, but the candid reader amends them by the sense, or by comparing them with some other part of the work, as we may easily do this.
The history of Ahaziah's reign is briefly summed up in two clauses,
2Chr 22:3,
2Chr 22:4. His mother and her relations were his counselors to do wickedly, and it was to his destruction.
I. He did wickedly. Though by a special providence of God he was preserved alive, when all his brethren were slain, and reserved for the crown, notwithstanding he was the youngest of them - though
the inhabitants of Jerusalem, when they had buried his father ingloriously, made him king, in hopes he would take warning by that not to tread in his steps, but would do better for himself and his kingdom - yet he was not influenced by the favours either of God or man, but
walked in the way of the house of Ahab, did evil in the sight of the Lord like them (
2Chr 22:3,
2Chr 22:4), that is, he worshipped, Baalim and Ashtaroth, supposing (as the learned bishop Patrick thinks) that by these demons, as mediators, they might have easier access to the supreme
Numen, the God of Israel, or that
these they might resort to at all times and
for all matters, as being
nearer at hand, and
not of so high a dignity, but of a
middle nature between the immortal God and mortal men - deified heroes; so they worshipped them as the church of Rome does saints and angels. That was sufficiently bad; but I wish there was no reason to suspect worse. I am apprehensive that they looked upon Jehovah, the God of their fathers, to be altogether such a one as these Baalim, and them to be as great and as good as he, nay, upon one account, more eligible inasmuch as these Baalim encouraged in their worshippers all manner of lewdness and sensuality, which the God of Israel strictly forbade.
II. He was counselled by his mother and her relations to do so.
She was his counsellor (
2Chr 22:3) and so were
they, after the death of his father, 2Chr 22:4. While his father lived
he took care to keep him to idolatry; but, when he was dead, the house of Ahab feared lest his father's miserable end should deter him from it, and therefore they were very industrious to keep him closely to it, and to make him
seven times more a
child of hell than themselves. The counsel of the ungodly is the ruin of many young persons when they are setting out in the world. This young prince might have had better advice if he had pleased from the princes and the judges, the priests and the Levites, that had been famous in his good grandfather's time for teaching in the knowledge of God; but the house of Ahab humoured him, and
he walked after their counsel, gave himself up to be led by them, and did just as they would have him. Thus do those debase and destroy themselves that forsake the divine guidance.
III. He was counselled by them to his destruction. So it proved. Those that counsel us to do wickedly counsel us to our destruction; while they fawn, and flatter, and pretend friendship, they are really our worst enemies. Those that debauch young men destroy them. It was bad enough that they exposed him to the sword of the Syrians, drawing him in to join with Joram king of Israel in an expedition to Ramoth-Gilead, where Joram was wounded, an expedition that was not for his honour. Those that give us bad counsel in the affairs of religion, if regarded by us, may justly be made of God our counsellors to do foolishly in our own affairs. But that was not all: by engaging him in an intimacy with Joram king of Israel, they involved him in the common ruin of the house of Ahab. He came on a visit to Joram (
2Chr 22:6) just at the time that Jehu was executing the judgment of God upon that idolatrous family, and so was cut off with them, (2Chr:22:7-9). Here, 1. See and dread the mischief of bad company - of joining in with sinners. If not the infection, yet let the destruction be feared.
Come out from Babylon, that falling house,
Revel 18:4. 2. See and acknowledge the justice of God. His providence brought Ahaziah, just at this fatal juncture, to see Joram, that he might fall with him and be taken as in a snare. This we had an account of before,
2Kgs 9:27,
2Kgs 9:28. It is here added that he was decently buried (not as Jehoram, whose dead body was cast into Naboth's vineyard,
2Kgs 9:26), and the reason given is because he was the son (that is, the grandson) of good Jehoshaphat,
who sought the Lord with his heart. Thus is
he remembered with honour long after his death, and some respect shown even to his degenerate unworthy seed for his sake.
The memory of the just is blessed, but the name of the wicked shall rot. 10 We have here what we had before,
2Kgs 11:1, etc. 1. A wicked woman endeavouring to destroy the house of David, that she might set up a throne for herself upon the ruins of it. Athaliah barbarously cut off all the seed-royal (
2Chr 22:10), perhaps intending to transmit the crown of Judah after herself to some of her own relations, that though her family was cut off in Israel by Jehu it might be planted in Judah. 2. A good woman effectually preserving it from being wholly extirpated. One of the late king's sons, a child of a year old, was rescued from among the dead, and saved alive by the care of Jehoiada's wife (
2Chr 22:11,
2Chr 22:12), that a
lamp might be ordained for God's anointed; for no word of God shall fall to the ground.