1τηG3588{T-DSF} δεG1161{CONJ} μιαG1520{A-DSF} τωνG3588{T-GPN} σαββατωνG4521{N-GPN} μαριαG3137{N-NSF} ηG3588{T-NSF} μαγδαληνηG3094{N-NSF} ερχεταιG2064{V-PNI-3S} πρωιG4404{ADV} σκοτιαςG4653{N-GSF} ετιG2089{ADV} ουσηςG5607{V-PXP-GSF} ειςG1519{PREP} τοG3588{T-ASN} μνημειονG3419{N-ASN} καιG2532{CONJ} βλεπειG991{V-PAI-3S} τονG3588{T-ASM} λιθονG3037{N-ASM} ηρμενονG142{V-RPP-ASM} εκG1537{PREP} τουG3588{T-GSN} μνημειουG3419{N-GSN} 2τρεχειG5143{V-PAI-3S} ουνG3767{CONJ} καιG2532{CONJ} ερχεταιG2064{V-PNI-3S} προςG4314{PREP} σιμωναG4613{N-ASM} πετρονG4074{N-ASM} καιG2532{CONJ} προςG4314{PREP} τονG3588{T-ASM} αλλονG243{A-ASM} μαθητηνG3101{N-ASM} ονG3739{R-ASM} εφιλειG5368{V-IAI-3S} οG3588{T-NSM} ιησουςG2424{N-NSM} καιG2532{CONJ} λεγειG3004{V-PAI-3S} αυτοιςG846{P-DPM} ηρανG142{V-AAI-3P} τονG3588{T-ASM} κυριονG2962{N-ASM} εκG1537{PREP} τουG3588{T-GSN} μνημειουG3419{N-GSN} καιG2532{CONJ} ουκG3756{PRT-N} οιδαμενG1492{V-RAI-1P} πουG4226{PRT-I} εθηκανG5087{V-AAI-3P} αυτονG846{P-ASM} 3εξηλθενG1831{V-2AAI-3S} ουνG3767{CONJ} οG3588{T-NSM} πετροςG4074{N-NSM} καιG2532{CONJ} οG3588{T-NSM} αλλοςG243{A-NSM} μαθητηςG3101{N-NSM} καιG2532{CONJ} ηρχοντοG2064{V-INI-3P} ειςG1519{PREP} τοG3588{T-ASN} μνημειονG3419{N-ASN} 4ετρεχονG5143{V-IAI-3P} δεG1161{CONJ} οιG3588{T-NPM} δυοG1417{A-NUI} ομουG3674{ADV} καιG2532{CONJ} οG3588{T-NSM} αλλοςG243{A-NSM} μαθητηςG3101{N-NSM} προεδραμενG4390{V-2AAI-3S} ταχιονG5032{ADV-C} τουG3588{T-GSM} πετρουG4074{N-GSM} καιG2532{CONJ} ηλθενG2064{V-2AAI-3S} πρωτοςG4413{A-NSM} ειςG1519{PREP} τοG3588{T-ASN} μνημειονG3419{N-ASN} 5καιG2532{CONJ} παρακυψαςG3879{V-AAP-NSM} βλεπειG991{V-PAI-3S} κειμεναG2749{V-PNP-APN} ταG3588{T-APN} οθονιαG3608{N-APN} ουG3756{PRT-N} μεντοιG3305{CONJ} εισηλθενG1525{V-2AAI-3S} 6ερχεταιG2064{V-PNI-3S} ουνG3767{CONJ} ακαιG2532{CONJ} σιμωνG4613{N-NSM} πετροςG4074{N-NSM} ακολουθωνG190{V-PAP-NSM} αυτωG846{P-DSM} καιG2532{CONJ} εισηλθενG1525{V-2AAI-3S} ειςG1519{PREP} τοG3588{T-ASN} μνημειονG3419{N-ASN} καιG2532{CONJ} θεωρειG2334{V-PAI-3S} ταG3588{T-APN} οθονιαG3608{N-APN} κειμεναG2749{V-PNP-APN} 7καιG2532{CONJ} τοG3588{T-ASN} σουδαριονG4676{N-ASN} οG3739{R-NSN} ηνG2258{V-IXI-3S} επιG1909{PREP} τηςG3588{T-GSF} κεφαληςG2776{N-GSF} αυτουG846{P-GSM} ουG3756{PRT-N} μεταG3326{PREP} τωνG3588{T-GPN} οθονιωνG3608{N-GPN} κειμενονG2749{V-PNP-ASN} αλλαG235{CONJ} χωριςG5565{ADV} εντετυλιγμενονG1794{V-RPP-ASN} ειςG1519{PREP} εναG1520{A-ASM} τοπονG5117{N-ASM} 8τοτεG5119{ADV} ουνG3767{CONJ} εισηλθενG1525{V-2AAI-3S} καιG2532{CONJ} οG3588{T-NSM} αλλοςG243{A-NSM} μαθητηςG3101{N-NSM} οG3588{T-NSM} ελθωνG2064{V-2AAP-NSM} πρωτοςG4413{A-NSM} ειςG1519{PREP} τοG3588{T-ASN} μνημειονG3419{N-ASN} καιG2532{CONJ} ειδενG1492{V-2AAI-3S} καιG2532{CONJ} επιστευσενG4100{V-AAI-3S} 9ουδεπωG3764{ADV} γαρG1063{CONJ} ηδεισανG1492{V-LAI-3P} τηνG3588{T-ASF} γραφηνG1124{N-ASF} οτιG3754{CONJ} δειG1163{V-PQI-3S} αυτονG846{P-ASM} εκG1537{PREP} νεκρωνG3498{A-GPM} αναστηναιG450{V-2AAN} 10απηλθονG565{V-2AAI-3P} ουνG3767{CONJ} παλινG3825{ADV} προςG4314{PREP} ααυτουςG846{P-APM} τσβεαυτουςG1438{F-3APM} οιG3588{T-NPM} μαθηταιG3101{N-NPM} 11μαριαG3137{N-NSF} δεG1161{CONJ} ειστηκειG2476{V-LAI-3S} προςG4314{PREP} ατωG3588{T-DSN} αμνημειωG3419{N-DSN} τσβτοG3588{T-ASN} τσβμνημειονG3419{N-ASN} τσβκλαιουσαG2799{V-PAP-NSF} εξωG1854{ADV} ακλαιουσαG2799{V-PAP-NSF} ωςG5613{ADV} ουνG3767{CONJ} εκλαιενG2799{V-IAI-3S} παρεκυψενG3879{V-AAI-3S} ειςG1519{PREP} τοG3588{T-ASN} μνημειονG3419{N-ASN} 12καιG2532{CONJ} θεωρειG2334{V-PAI-3S} δυοG1417{A-NUI} αγγελουςG32{N-APM} ενG1722{PREP} λευκοιςG3022{A-DPN} καθεζομενουςG2516{V-PNP-APM} εναG1520{A-ASM} προςG4314{PREP} τηG3588{T-DSF} κεφαληG2776{N-DSF} καιG2532{CONJ} εναG1520{A-ASM} προςG4314{PREP} τοιςG3588{T-DPM} ποσινG4228{N-DPM} οπουG3699{ADV} εκειτοG2749{V-INI-3S} τοG3588{T-NSN} σωμαG4983{N-NSN} τουG3588{T-GSM} ιησουG2424{N-GSM} 13καιG2532{CONJ} λεγουσινG3004{V-PAI-3P} αυτηG846{P-DSF} εκεινοιG1565{D-NPM} γυναιG1135{N-VSF} τιG5101{I-ASN} κλαιειςG2799{V-PAI-2S} λεγειG3004{V-PAI-3S} αυτοιςG846{P-DPM} οτιG3754{CONJ} ηρανG142{V-AAI-3P} τονG3588{T-ASM} κυριονG2962{N-ASM} μουG3450{P-1GS} καιG2532{CONJ} ουκG3756{PRT-N} οιδαG1492{V-RAI-1S} πουG4226{PRT-I} εθηκανG5087{V-AAI-3P} αυτονG846{P-ASM} 14τσβκαιG2532{CONJ} ταυταG5023{D-APN} ειπουσαG2036{V-2AAP-NSF} εστραφηG4762{V-2API-3S} ειςG1519{PREP} ταG3588{T-APN} οπισωG3694{ADV} καιG2532{CONJ} θεωρειG2334{V-PAI-3S} τονG3588{T-ASM} ιησουνG2424{N-ASM} εστωταG2476{V-RAP-ASM} καιG2532{CONJ} ουκG3756{PRT-N} ηδειG1492{V-LAI-3S} οτιG3754{CONJ} τσοG3588{T-NSM} ιησουςG2424{N-NSM} εστινG2076{V-PXI-3S} 15λεγειG3004{V-PAI-3S} αυτηG846{P-DSF} τσβοG3588{T-NSM} ιησουςG2424{N-NSM} γυναιG1135{N-VSF} τιG5101{I-NSN} κλαιειςG2799{V-PAI-2S} τιναG5101{I-ASM} ζητειςG2212{V-PAI-2S} εκεινηG1565{D-NSF} δοκουσαG1380{V-PAP-NSF} οτιG3754{CONJ} οG3588{T-NSM} κηπουροςG2780{N-NSM} εστινG2076{V-PXI-3S} λεγειG3004{V-PAI-3S} αυτωG846{P-DSM} κυριεG2962{N-VSM} ειG1487{COND} συG4771{P-2NS} εβαστασαςG941{V-AAI-2S} αυτονG846{P-ASM} ειπεG2036{V-2AAM-2S} μοιG3427{P-1DS} πουG4226{PRT-I} τσαυτονG846{P-ASM} εθηκαςG5087{V-AAI-2S} αβαυτονG846{P-ASM} καγωG2504{P-1NS-C} αυτονG846{P-ASM} αρωG142{V-FAI-1S} 16λεγειG3004{V-PAI-3S} αυτηG846{P-DSF} τσβοG3588{T-NSM} ιησουςG2424{N-NSM} αμαριαμG3137{N-PRI} τσβμαριαG3137{N-VSF} στραφεισαG4762{V-2APP-NSF} εκεινηG1565{D-NSF} λεγειG3004{V-PAI-3S} αυτωG846{P-DSM} αεβραιστιG1447{ADV} ραββουνιG4462{ARAM} οG3739{R-NSN} λεγεταιG3004{V-PPI-3S} διδασκαλεG1320{N-VSM} 17λεγειG3004{V-PAI-3S} αυτηG846{P-DSF} τσβοG3588{T-NSM} ιησουςG2424{N-NSM} μηG3361{PRT-N} μουG3450{P-1GS} απτουG680{V-PMM-2S} ουπωG3768{ADV} γαρG1063{CONJ} αναβεβηκαG305{V-RAI-1S} προςG4314{PREP} τονG3588{T-ASM} πατεραG3962{N-ASM} τσβμουG3450{P-1GS} πορευουG4198{V-PNM-2S} δεG1161{CONJ} προςG4314{PREP} τουςG3588{T-APM} αδελφουςG80{N-APM} μουG3450{P-1GS} καιG2532{CONJ} ειπεG2036{V-2AAM-2S} αυτοιςG846{P-DPM} αναβαινωG305{V-PAI-1S} προςG4314{PREP} τονG3588{T-ASM} πατεραG3962{N-ASM} μουG3450{P-1GS} καιG2532{CONJ} πατεραG3962{N-ASM} υμωνG5216{P-2GP} καιG2532{CONJ} θεονG2316{N-ASM} μουG3450{P-1GS} καιG2532{CONJ} θεονG2316{N-ASM} υμωνG5216{P-2GP} 18ερχεταιG2064{V-PNI-3S} αμαριαμG3137{N-PRI} τσβμαριαG3137{N-NSF} ηG3588{T-NSF} μαγδαληνηG3094{N-NSF} ααγγελλουσαG32{V-PAP-NSF} τσβαπαγγελλουσαG518{V-PAP-NSF} τοιςG3588{T-DPM} μαθηταιςG3101{N-DPM} οτιG3754{CONJ} αεωρακαG3708{V-RAI-1S-ATT} τσβεωρακενG3708{V-RAI-3S-ATT} τονG3588{T-ASM} κυριονG2962{N-ASM} καιG2532{CONJ} ταυταG5023{D-APN} ειπενG2036{V-2AAI-3S} αυτηG846{P-DSF} 19ουσηςG5607{V-PXP-GSF} ουνG3767{CONJ} οψιαςG3798{A-GSF} τηG3588{T-DSF} ημεραG2250{N-DSF} εκεινηG1565{D-DSF} τηG3588{T-DSF} μιαG1520{A-DSF} τσβτωνG3588{T-GPN} σαββατωνG4521{N-GPN} καιG2532{CONJ} τωνG3588{T-GPF} θυρωνG2374{N-GPF} κεκλεισμενωνG2808{V-RPP-GPM} οπουG3699{ADV} ησανG2258{V-IXI-3P} οιG3588{T-NPM} μαθηταιG3101{N-NPM} τσβσυνηγμενοιG4863{V-RPP-NPM} διαG1223{PREP} τονG3588{T-ASM} φοβονG5401{N-ASM} τωνG3588{T-GPM} ιουδαιωνG2453{A-GPM} ηλθενG2064{V-2AAI-3S} οG3588{T-NSM} ιησουςG2424{N-NSM} καιG2532{CONJ} εστηG2476{V-2AAI-3S} ειςG1519{PREP} τοG3588{T-ASN} μεσονG3319{A-ASN} καιG2532{CONJ} λεγειG3004{V-PAI-3S} αυτοιςG846{P-DPM} ειρηνηG1515{N-NSF} υμινG5213{P-2DP} 20καιG2532{CONJ} τουτοG5124{D-ASN} ειπωνG2036{V-2AAP-NSM} εδειξενG1166{V-AAI-3S} τσβαυτοιςG846{P-DPM} ταςG3588{T-APF} χειραςG5495{N-APF} καιG2532{CONJ} τηνG3588{T-ASF} πλευρανG4125{N-ASF} ααυτοιςG846{P-DPM} τσβαυτουG846{P-GSM} εχαρησανG5463{V-2AOI-3P} ουνG3767{CONJ} οιG3588{T-NPM} μαθηταιG3101{N-NPM} ιδοντεςG1492{V-2AAP-NPM} τονG3588{T-ASM} κυριονG2962{N-ASM} 21ειπενG2036{V-2AAI-3S} ουνG3767{CONJ} αυτοιςG846{P-DPM} α[οG3588{T-NSM} τσβοG3588{T-NSM} αιησους]G2424{N-NSM} τσβιησουςG2424{N-NSM} παλινG3825{ADV} ειρηνηG1515{N-NSF} υμινG5213{P-2DP} καθωςG2531{ADV} απεσταλκενG649{V-RAI-3S} μεG3165{P-1AS} οG3588{T-NSM} πατηρG3962{N-NSM} καγωG2504{P-1NS-C} πεμπωG3992{V-PAI-1S} υμαςG5209{P-2AP} 22καιG2532{CONJ} τουτοG5124{D-ASN} ειπωνG2036{V-2AAP-NSM} ενεφυσησενG1720{V-AAI-3S} καιG2532{CONJ} λεγειG3004{V-PAI-3S} αυτοιςG846{P-DPM} λαβετεG2983{V-2AAM-2P} πνευμαG4151{N-ASN} αγιονG40{A-ASN} 23ανG302{PRT} τινωνG5100{X-GPM} αφητεG863{V-2AAS-2P} ταςG3588{T-APF} αμαρτιαςG266{N-APF} ααφεωνταιG863{V-RPI-3P} τσβαφιενταιG863{V-PPI-3P} αυτοιςG846{P-DPM} ανG302{PRT} τινωνG5100{X-GPM} κρατητεG2902{V-PAS-2P} κεκρατηνταιG2902{V-RPI-3P} 24θωμαςG2381{N-NSM} δεG1161{CONJ} ειςG1520{A-NSM} εκG1537{PREP} τωνG3588{T-GPM} δωδεκαG1427{A-NUI} οG3588{T-NSM} λεγομενοςG3004{V-PPP-NSM} διδυμοςG1324{N-NSM} ουκG3756{PRT-N} ηνG2258{V-IXI-3S} μετG3326{PREP} αυτωνG846{P-GPM} οτεG3753{ADV} ηλθενG2064{V-2AAI-3S} τσβοG3588{T-NSM} ιησουςG2424{N-NSM} 25ελεγονG3004{V-IAI-3P} ουνG3767{CONJ} αυτωG846{P-DSM} οιG3588{T-NPM} αλλοιG243{A-NPM} μαθηταιG3101{N-NPM} εωρακαμενG3708{V-RAI-1P-ATT} τονG3588{T-ASM} κυριονG2962{N-ASM} οG3588{T-NSM} δεG1161{CONJ} ειπενG2036{V-2AAI-3S} αυτοιςG846{P-DPM} εανG1437{COND} μηG3361{PRT-N} ιδωG1492{V-2AAS-1S} ενG1722{PREP} ταιςG3588{T-DPF} χερσινG5495{N-DPF} αυτουG846{P-GSM} τονG3588{T-ASM} τυπονG5179{N-ASM} τωνG3588{T-GPM} ηλωνG2247{N-GPM} καιG2532{CONJ} βαλωG906{V-2AAS-1S} τονG3588{T-ASM} δακτυλονG1147{N-ASM} μουG3450{P-1GS} ειςG1519{PREP} τονG3588{T-ASM} τυπονG5179{N-ASM} τωνG3588{T-GPM} ηλωνG2247{N-GPM} καιG2532{CONJ} βαλωG906{V-2AAS-1S} αμουG3450{P-1GS} τηνG3588{T-ASF} χειραG5495{N-ASF} τσβμουG3450{P-1GS} ειςG1519{PREP} τηνG3588{T-ASF} πλευρανG4125{N-ASF} αυτουG846{P-GSM} ουG3756{PRT-N} μηG3361{PRT-N} πιστευσωG4100{V-FAI-1S} 26καιG2532{CONJ} μεθG3326{PREP} ημεραςG2250{N-APF} οκτωG3638{A-NUI} παλινG3825{ADV} ησανG2258{V-IXI-3P} εσωG2080{ADV} οιG3588{T-NPM} μαθηταιG3101{N-NPM} αυτουG846{P-GSM} καιG2532{CONJ} θωμαςG2381{N-NSM} μετG3326{PREP} αυτωνG846{P-GPM} ερχεταιG2064{V-PNI-3S} οG3588{T-NSM} ιησουςG2424{N-NSM} τωνG3588{T-GPF} θυρωνG2374{N-GPF} κεκλεισμενωνG2808{V-RPP-GPM} καιG2532{CONJ} εστηG2476{V-2AAI-3S} ειςG1519{PREP} τοG3588{T-ASN} μεσονG3319{A-ASN} καιG2532{CONJ} ειπενG2036{V-2AAI-3S} ειρηνηG1515{N-NSF} υμινG5213{P-2DP} 27ειταG1534{ADV} λεγειG3004{V-PAI-3S} τωG3588{T-DSM} θωμαG2381{N-DSM} φερεG5342{V-PAM-2S} τονG3588{T-ASM} δακτυλονG1147{N-ASM} σουG4675{P-2GS} ωδεG5602{ADV} καιG2532{CONJ} ιδεG1492{V-AAM-2S} ταςG3588{T-APF} χειραςG5495{N-APF} μουG3450{P-1GS} καιG2532{CONJ} φερεG5342{V-PAM-2S} τηνG3588{T-ASF} χειραG5495{N-ASF} σουG4675{P-2GS} καιG2532{CONJ} βαλεG906{V-2AAM-2S} ειςG1519{PREP} τηνG3588{T-ASF} πλευρανG4125{N-ASF} μουG3450{P-1GS} καιG2532{CONJ} μηG3361{PRT-N} γινουG1096{V-PNM-2S} απιστοςG571{A-NSM} αλλαG235{CONJ} πιστοςG4103{A-NSM} 28τσβκαιG2532{CONJ} απεκριθηG611{V-ADI-3S} τσοG3588{T-NSM} θωμαςG2381{N-NSM} καιG2532{CONJ} ειπενG2036{V-2AAI-3S} αυτωG846{P-DSM} οG3588{T-NSM} κυριοςG2962{N-NSM} μουG3450{P-1GS} καιG2532{CONJ} οG3588{T-NSM} θεοςG2316{N-NSM} μουG3450{P-1GS} 29λεγειG3004{V-PAI-3S} αυτωG846{P-DSM} οG3588{T-NSM} ιησουςG2424{N-NSM} οτιG3754{CONJ} εωρακαςG3708{V-RAI-2S-ATT} μεG3165{P-1AS} τσθωμαG2381{N-VSM} πεπιστευκαςG4100{V-RAI-2S} μακαριοιG3107{A-NPM} οιG3588{T-NPM} μηG3361{PRT-N} ιδοντεςG1492{V-2AAP-NPM} καιG2532{CONJ} πιστευσαντεςG4100{V-AAP-NPM} 30πολλαG4183{A-APN} μενG3303{PRT} ουνG3767{CONJ} καιG2532{CONJ} αλλαG243{A-APN} σημειαG4592{N-APN} εποιησενG4160{V-AAI-3S} οG3588{T-NSM} ιησουςG2424{N-NSM} ενωπιονG1799{ADV} τωνG3588{T-GPM} μαθητωνG3101{N-GPM} α[αυτου]G846{P-GSM} τσβαυτουG846{P-GSM} αG3739{R-NPN} ουκG3756{PRT-N} εστινG2076{V-PXI-3S} γεγραμμεναG1125{V-RPP-NPN} ενG1722{PREP} τωG3588{T-DSN} βιβλιωG975{N-DSN} τουτωG5129{D-DSN} 31ταυταG5023{D-NPN} δεG1161{CONJ} γεγραπταιG1125{V-RPI-3S} ιναG2443{CONJ} α{πιστευσητε}G4100{V-AAS-2P} τσβπιστευσητεG4100{V-AAS-2P} οτιG3754{CONJ} τσοG3588{T-NSM} ιησουςG2424{N-NSM} εστινG2076{V-PXI-3S} οG3588{T-NSM} χριστοςG5547{N-NSM} οG3588{T-NSM} υιοςG5207{N-NSM} τουG3588{T-GSM} θεουG2316{N-GSM} καιG2532{CONJ} ιναG2443{CONJ} πιστευοντεςG4100{V-PAP-NPM} ζωηνG2222{N-ASF} εχητεG2192{V-PAS-2P} ενG1722{PREP} τωG3588{T-DSN} ονοματιG3686{N-DSN} αυτουG846{P-GSM}
Jamieson Fausset Brown Bible Commentary 1 MARY'S VISIT TO THE SEPULCHRE, AND RETURN TO IT WITH PETER AND JOHN--HER RISEN LORD APPEARS TO HER. (John 20:1-18)
The first day . . . cometh Mary Magdalene early, &c.--(See on
Mark 16:1-
Mark 16:4; and
Matt 28:1-
Matt 28:2).
she runneth and cometh to Simon Peter, and to the other disciple whom Jesus loved, and saith unto them, They have taken away the Lord out of the sepulchre--Dear disciple! thy dead Lord is to thee "the Lord" still.
3 Peter therefore went forth, and that other disciple, and came first to the sepulchre--These particulars have a singular air of artless truth about them. Mary, in her grief, runs to the two apostles who were soon to be so closely associated in proclaiming the Saviour's resurrection, and they, followed by Mary, hasten to see with their own eyes. The younger disciple outruns the older; love haply supplying swifter wings. He stoops, he gazes in, but enters not the open sepulchre, held back probably by a reverential fear. The bolder Peter, coming up, goes in at once, and is rewarded with bright evidence of what had happened.
6 seeth the linen clothes lie--lying.
And the napkin, that was about his head, not lying with the linen clothes--not loosely, as if hastily thrown down, and indicative of a hurried and disorderly removal.
but wrapped--folded.
together in a place by itself--showing with what grand tranquillity "the Living One" had walked forth from "the dead" (
Luke 24:5). "Doubtless the two attendant angels (
John 20:12) did this service for the Rising One, the one disposing of the linen clothes, the other of the napkin" [BENGEL].
8 Then went in . . . that other disciple which came first to the sepulchre--The repetition of this, in connection with his not having gone in till after Peter, seems to show that at the moment of penning these words the advantage which each of these loving disciples had of the other was present to his mind.
and he saw and believed--Probably he means, though he does not say, that he believed in his Lord's resurrection more immediately and certainly than Peter.
9 For as yet they knew--that is, understood.
not the scripture that he must rise again from the dead--In other words, they believed in His resurrection at first, not because they were prepared by Scripture to expect it; but facts carried resistless conviction of it in the first instance to their minds, and furnished a key to the Scripture predictions of it.
11 But Mary stood without at the sepulchre weeping, &c.--Brief was the stay of those two men. But Mary, arriving perhaps by another direction after they left, lingers at the spot, weeping for her missing Lord. As she gazes through her tears on the open tomb, she also ventures to stoop down and look into it, when lo! "two angels in white" (as from the world of light, and see on
Matt 28:3) appear to her in a "sitting" posture, "as having finished some business, and awaiting some one to impart tidings to" [BENGEL].
12 one at the head, and the other at the feet where the body of Jesus had lain--not merely proclaiming silently the entire charge they had had of the body, of Christ [quoted in LUTHARDT], but rather, possibly, calling mute attention to the narrow space within which the Lord of glory had contracted Himself; as if they would say, Come, see within what limits, marked off by the interval here between us two, the Lord lay! But she is in tears, and these suit not the scene of so glorious an Exit. They are going to point out to her the incongruity.
13 Woman, why weepest thou?--You would think the vision too much for a lone woman. But absorbed in the one Object of her affection and pursuit, she speaks out her grief without fear.
Because, &c.--that is, Can I choose but weep, when "they have taken away," &c., repeating her very words to Peter and John. On this she turned herself and saw Jesus Himself standing beside her, but took Him for the gardener. Clad therefore in some such style He must have been. But if any ask, as too curious interpreters do, whence He got those habiliments, we answer [with OLSHAUSEN and LUTHARDT] where the two angels got theirs. Nor did the voice of His first words disclose Him to Mary--"Woman, why weepest thou? whom seekest thou?" He will try her ere he tell her. She answers not the stranger's question, but comes straight to her point with him.
15 Sir, if thou have borne him hence--borne whom? She says not. She can think only of One, and thinks others must understand her. It reminds one of the question of the Spouse, "Saw ye him whom my soul loveth?" (
Song 3:3).
tell me where thou hast laid him, and I will take him away--Wilt thou, dear fragile woman? But it is the language of sublime affection, that thinks itself fit for anything if once in possession of its Object. It is enough. Like Joseph, He can no longer restrain Himself (
Gen 45:1).
16 Jesus saith unto her, Mary--It is not now the distant, though respectful, "Woman." It is the oft-repeated name, uttered, no doubt, with all the wonted manner, and bringing a rush of unutterable and overpowering associations with it.
She turned herself, and saith to him, Rabboni!--But that single word of transported recognition was not enough for woman's full heart. Not knowing the change which had passed upon Him, she hastens to express by her action what words failed to clothe; but she is checked.
17 Jesus saith unto her, Touch me not, for I am not yet ascended to my Father--Old familiarities must now give place to new and more awful yet sweeter approaches; but for these the time has not come yet. This seems the spirit, at least, of these mysterious words, on which much difference of opinion has obtained, and not much that is satisfactory said.
but go to my brethren--(Compare
Matt 28:10;
Heb 2:11,
Heb 2:17). That He had still our Humanity, and therefore "is not ashamed to call us brethren," is indeed grandly evidenced by these words. But it is worthy of most reverential notice, that we nowhere read of anyone who presumed to call Him Brother. "My brethren: Blessed Jesus, who are these? Were they not Thy followers? yea, Thy forsakers? How dost Thou raise these titles with Thyself! At first they were Thy servants; then disciples; a little before Thy death, they were Thy friends; now, after Thy resurrection, they were Thy brethren. But oh, mercy without measure! how wilt Thou, how canst Thou call them brethren whom, in Thy last parting, Thou foundest fugitives? Did they not run from Thee? Did not one of them rather leave his inmost coat behind him than not be quit of Thee? And yet Thou sayest, 'Go, tell My brethren! It is not in the power of the sins of our infirmity to unbrother us'" [BISHOP HALL].
I ascend unto my Father and your Father, and to my God and your God--words of incomparable glory! Jesus had called God habitually His Father, and on one occasion, in His darkest moment, His God. But both are here united, expressing that full-orbed relationship which embraces in its vast sweep at once Himself and His redeemed. Yet, note well, He says not, Our Father and our God. All the deepest of the Church fathers were wont to call attention to this, as expressly designed to distinguish between what God is to Him and to us--His Father essentially, ours not so: our God essentially, His not so: His God only in connection with us: our God only in connection with Him.
18 Mary Magdalene came and told the disciples that she had seen the Lord, and that he had spoken these things unto her--To a woman was this honor given to be the first that saw the risen R edeemer, and that woman was not His mother. (See on
Mark 16:9).
19 JESUS APPEARS TO THE ASSEMBLED DISCIPLES. (
John 20:19-
John 20:23)
the same day at evening, the first day of the week, the doors being shut where the disciples were assembled for fear of the Jews, came Jesus--plainly not by the ordinary way of entrance.
and saith unto them Peace be unto you--not the mere wish that even His own exalted peace might be theirs (
John 14:27), but conveying it into their hearts, even as He "opened their understandings to understand the scriptures" (
Luke 24:45).
20 And when he had so said, he showed them his hands and his side--not only as ocular and tangible evidence of the reality of His resurrection (See on
Luke 24:37-
Luke 24:43), but as through "the power of that resurrection" dispensing all His peace to men.
Then were the disciples glad when they saw the Lord.
21 Then said Jesus--prepared now to listen to Him in a new character.
Peace be unto you. As my Father hath sent me, so send I you--(See on
John 17:18).
22 he breathed on them--a symbolical conveyance to them of the Spirit.
and saith, Receive ye the Holy Ghost--an earnest and first-fruits of the more copious Pentecostal effusion.
23 Whose soever sins ye remit, they are remitted unto them, &c.--In any literal and authoritative sense this power was never exercised by one of the apostles, and plainly was never understood by themselves as possessed by them or conveyed to them. (See on
Matt 16:19). The power to intrude upon the relation between men and God cannot have been given by Christ to His ministers in any but a ministerial or declarative sense--as the authorized interpreters of His word, while in the actings of His ministers, the real nature of the power committed to them is seen in the exercise of church discipline.
24 JESUS AGAIN APPEARS TO THE ASSEMBLED DISCIPLES. (
John 20:24-
John 20:29)
But Thomas--(See on
John 11:16).
was not with them when Jesus came--why, we know not, though we are loath to think (with STIER, ALFORD and LUTHARDT) it was intentional, from sullen despondency. The fact merely is here stated, as a loving apology for his slowness of belief.
25 We have seen the Lord--This way of speaking of Jesus (as
John 20:20 and
John 21:7), so suited to His resurrection-state, was soon to become the prevailing style.
Except I see in his hands the print of the nails, and put my linger into the print of the nails, and thrust my hand into his side, I will not believe--The very form of this speech betokens the strength of the unbelief. "It is not, If I shall see I shall believe, but, Unless I shall see I will not believe; nor does he expect to see, although the others tell him they had" [BENGEL]. How Christ Himself viewed this state of mind, we know from
Mark 16:14, "He upbraided them with their unbelief and hardness of heart because they believed not them which had seen Him after He was risen." But whence sprang this pertinacity of resistance in such minds? Not certainly from reluctance to believe, but as in Nathanael (see on
John 1:46) from mere dread of mistake in so vital a matter.
26 And after eight days--that is, on the eighth, or first day of the preceding week. They probably met every day during the preceding week, but their Lord designedly reserved His second appearance among them till the recurrence of His resurrection day, that He might thus inaugurate the delightful sanctities of THE LORD'S DAY (
Rev 1:10).
disciples were within, and Thomas with them . . . Jesus . . . stood in the midst, and said, Peace be unto you.
27 Then saith he to Thomas, Reach hither . . . behold . . . put it into my side, and be not faithless, but believing--"There is something rhythmical in these words, and they are purposely couched in the words of Thomas himself, to put him to shame" [LUTHARDT]. But wish what condescension and gentleness is this done!
28 Thomas answered and said unto him, My Lord and my God--That Thomas did not do what Jesus invited him to do, and what he had made the condition of his believing, seems plain from
John 20:29 ("Because thou hast seen Me, thou hast believed"). He is overpowered, and the glory of Christ now breaks upon him in a flood. His exclamation surpasses all that had been yet uttered, nor can it be surpassed by anything that ever will be uttered in earth or heaven. On the striking parallel in Nathanael, see on
John 1:49. The Socinian invasion of the supreme divinity of Christ here manifestly taught--as if it were a mere call upon God in a fit of astonishment--is beneath notice, save for the profanity it charges upon this disciple, and the straits to which it shows themselves reduced.
29 because thou hast seen me, thou hast believed--words of measured commendation, but of indirect and doubtless painfully--felt rebuke: that is, 'Thou hast indeed believed; it is well: it is only on the evidence of thy senses, and after peremptorily refusing all evidence short of that.'
blessed they that have not seen, and yet have believed--"Wonderful indeed and rich in blessing for us who have not seen Him, is this closing word of the Gospel" [ALFORD].
30 FIRST CLOSE OF THIS GOSPEL. (
John 20:30-
John 20:31)
many other signs--miracles.
31 But these are written--as sufficient specimens.
the Christ, the Son of God--the one His official, the other His personal, title.
believing . . . may have life--(See on
John 6:51-
John 6:54).
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