1Y HABLÓH559 JehováH3068 á MoisésH4872 y á AarónH175 en la tierraH776 de EgiptoH4714, diciendoH559: 2Este mes os será principioH7218 de los mesesH2320; será este para vosotros el primeroH1931 en los mesesH2320 del añoH8141. 3HabladH1696 á todaH3605 la congregaciónH5712 de IsraelH3478, diciendoH559: En el diezH6218 de aqueste mesH2320 tómeseH3947 cadaH376 uno un corderoH7716 por las familiasH1004 de los padresH1, un corderoH7716 por familiaH1004: 4Mas siH518 la familiaH1004 fuereH1961 pequeñaH4591 que no baste á comer el corderoH7716, entonces tomaráH1931 á suH1931 vecinoH7934 inmediatoH7138 áH413 su casaH1004, y según el númeroH3947 de las personasH4373, cadaH400 uno conforme á suH400 comerH5315, echaréisH6310 laH1931 cuentaH3699 sobreH5921 el corderoH7716. 5El cordero será sin defectoH8549, machoH2145 de unH1121 añoH8141: tomaréislo deH4480 las ovejasH3532 ó deH4480 las cabrasH5795: 6Y habéis de guardarlo hastaH5704 el díaH3117 catorceH702 de este mesH2320; y lo inmolaráH7819 todaH3605 la congregaciónH6951 del pueblo de IsraelH3478 entreH996 las dos tardesH6153. 7Y tomaránH3947 deH4480 la sangreH1818, y pondránH5414 enH5921 los dosH8147 postesH4201 y enH5921 el dintelH4947 deH4480 las casasH1004 enH5921 queH834 lo han deH4480 comerH398. 8Y aquella noche comeránH398 la carneH1320 asadaH6748 al fuegoH784, y panes sin levaduraH4682: conH5921 hierbas amargasH4844 lo comeránH398. 9NingunaH408 cosa comeréisH398 deH4480 él crudaH4995, ni cocidaH1310 en aguaH4325, sino asadaH6748 al fuegoH784; su cabezaH7218 conH5921 sus piesH3767 y sus intestinos. 10NingunaH3808 cosa dejaréisH3498 deH4480 él hastaH5704 la mañanaH1242; y lo que habrá quedado hastaH5704 la mañanaH1242, habéis deH4480 quemarlo en el fuegoH784. 11Y asíH3602 habéis de comerloH398: ceñidosH2296 vuestros lomosH4975, vuestros zapatosH5275 en vuestros piesH7272, y vuestro bordónH4731 en vuestra manoH3027; y lo comeréisH398 apresuradamente: es la PascuaH6453 de JehováH3068. 12Pues yo pasaréH5674 aquella noche por la tierraH776 de EgiptoH4714, y heriréH5221 á todoH3605 primogénitoH1060 en la tierraH776 de EgiptoH4714, así en los hombresH120 como en las bestiasH929: y haréH6213 juiciosH8201 en todosH3605 los diosesH430 de EgiptoH4714. YoH589 JEHOVÁH3068. 13Y la sangreH1818 os seráH1961 por señalH226 enH5921 las casasH1004 dondeH834 vosotrosH859 estéis; y veréH7200 la sangreH1818, y pasaréH6452 deH5921 vosotrosH859, y noH3808 habráH1961 enH5921 vosotrosH859 plagaH5063 deH5921 mortandad, cuando heriréH5221 la tierraH776 deH5921 EgiptoH4714. 14Y este díaH3117 os ha de ser en memoriaH2146, y habéis de celebrarloH2287 como solemneH2282 á JehováH3068 durante vuestras generacionesH1755: por estatutoH2708 perpetuoH5769 lo celebraréisH2287. 15SieteH7651 díasH3117 comeréisH398 panes sin levaduraH4682; y asíH389 el primerH7223 díaH3117 haréis que no hayaH7673 levaduraH7603 en vuestras casasH1004: porqueH3588 cualquieraH3605 que comiereH398 leudadoH2557 desde el primerH7223 díaH3117 hasta el séptimoH7637, aquella alma será cortadaH3772 de IsraelH3478. 16El primerH7223 díaH3117 habrá santaH6944 convocaciónH4744, y asimismo en el séptimoH7637 díaH3117 tendréisH1961 una santaH6944 convocaciónH4744: ningunaH3605 obraH4399 se haráH6213 en ellos, exceptoH389 solamente queH834 aderecéis lo queH834 cadaH3605 cualH5315 hubiere de comerH398. 17Y guardaréisH8104 la fiesta de los ázimosH4682, porqueH3588 en aqueste mismo díaH3117 saquéH3318 vuestros ejércitosH6635 de la tierraH776 de EgiptoH4714: por tanto guardaréisH8104 este díaH3117 en vuestras generacionesH1755 por costumbreH2708 perpetuaH5769. 18En el mes primeroH7223, el díaH3117 catorceH702 del mesH2320 por la tardeH6153, comeréisH398 los panes sin levaduraH4682, hastaH5704 el veintiunoH6242 H259 del mesH2320 por la tardeH6153. 19Por sieteH7651 díasH3117 noH3808 se hallaráH4672 levaduraH7603 en vuestras casasH1004, porqueH3588 cualquieraH3605 que comiere leudadoH398, asíH2557 extranjeroH1616 como naturalH249 del paísH776, aquella alma será cortadaH3772 de la congregaciónH5712 de IsraelH3478. 20NingunaH3605 cosa leudadaH2557 comeréisH398; en todasH3605 vuestras habitacionesH4186 comeréisH398 panes sin levaduraH4682. 21Y MoisésH4872 convocóH7121 á todosH3605 los ancianosH2205 de IsraelH3478, y díjolesH559: SacadH4900, y tomaosH3947 corderosH6629 por vuestras familiasH4940, y sacrificadH7819 la pascuaH6453. 22Y tomadH3947 un manojoH92 de hisopo, y mojadle en la sangreH1818 queH834 estará en una jofaina, y untadH5060 el dintelH4947 y los dosH8147 postesH4201 conH4480 la sangreH1818 queH834 estará en la jofaina; y ningunoH376 de vosotrosH859 salgaH3318 deH4480 las puertasH6607 deH4480 su casaH1004 hastaH5704 la mañanaH1242. 23Porque JehováH3068 pasará hiriendoH5674 á los EgipciosH4714; y como veráH7200 la sangreH1818 enH5921 el dintelH4947 y enH5921 los dosH8147 postesH4201, pasaráH6452 JehováH3068 aquellaH5921 puertaH6607, y noH3808 dejaráH5414 entrarH935 al heridorH7843 enH413 vuestras casasH1004 para herirH5062. 24Y guardaréisH8104 estoH1697 por estatutoH2706 para vosotros y para vuestros hijosH1121 paraH5704 siempreH5769. 25Y será, cuandoH3588 habréis entradoH935 enH413 la tierraH776 queH834 JehováH3068 os daráH5414, como tiene hablado, queH834 guardaréisH8104 este ritoH5656. 26Y cuandoH3588 osH413 dijerenH559 vuestros hijosH1121: ¿QuéH4100 rito es este vuestro? 27Vosotros responderéisH559: Es la víctimaH2077 de la PascuaH6453 de JehováH3068, el cualH834 pasóH6452 las casasH1004 de los hijosH1121 de IsraelH3478 en EgiptoH4714, cuando hirióH5062 á los EgipciosH4714, y libróH5337 nuestrasH587 casasH1004. Entonces el puebloH5971 se inclinóH6915 y adoróH7812. 28Y los hijosH1121 de IsraelH3478 se fueronH3212, é hicieronH6213 puntualmente así; como JehováH3068 había mandadoH6680 á MoisésH4872 y á AarónH175. 29Y acontecióH1961 que á la medianocheH2676 H3915 JehováH3068 hirióH5221 á todoH3605 primogénitoH1060 en la tierraH776 de EgiptoH4714, desde el primogénitoH1060 de FaraónH6547 que se sentabaH3427 sobreH5921 su tronoH3678, hastaH5704 el primogénitoH1060 del cautivoH7628 queH834 estaba en la cárcelH1004 H953, y todoH3605 primogénitoH1060 de los animalesH929. 30Y levantóseH6965 aquella nocheH3915 FaraónH6547, élH1931 y todosH3605 susH1931 siervosH5650, y todosH3605 los EgipciosH4714; y había un granH1419 clamorH6818 en EgiptoH4714, porqueH3588 noH369 había casaH1004 dondeH834 noH369 hubiese muertoH4191. 31E hizo llamarH7121 á MoisésH4872 y á AarónH175 de nocheH3915, y díjolesH559: SalidH3318 de en medioH8432 de mi puebloH5971 vosotrosH859, y los hijosH1121 de IsraelH3478; é idH3212, servidH5647 á JehováH3068, comoH859 habéis dichoH1696. 32TomadH3947 tambiénH1571 vuestras ovejasH6629 y vuestras vacasH1241, como habéis dichoH1696, é idosH3212; y bendecidmeH1288 tambiénH1571 á mí. 33Y los EgipciosH4714 apremiabanH2388 alH5921 puebloH5971, dándose priesaH4116 á echarlosH7971 deH4480 la tierraH776; porqueH3588 decíanH559: TodosH3605 somos muertosH4191. 34Y llevóH5375 el puebloH5971 su masaH1217 antesH2962 que se leudaseH2556, sus masasH4863 envueltasH6887 en sus sábanasH8071 sobreH5921 sus hombrosH7926. 35E hicieronH6213 los hijosH1121 de IsraelH3478 conforme al mandamientoH1697 de MoisésH4872, demandandoH7592 á los EgipciosH4714 vasosH3627 de plataH3701, y vasos de oroH2091, y vestidosH8071. 36Y JehováH3068 dióH5414 graciaH2580 al puebloH5971 delanteH5869 de los EgipciosH4714, y prestáronlesH7592; y ellos despojaronH5337 á los EgipciosH4714. 37Y partieronH5265 los hijosH1121 de IsraelH3478 de RamesesH7486 á SuccothH5523, como seiscientosH8337 H3967 milH505 hombresH1397 de á pieH7273, sin contar los niñosH2945. 38Y tambiénH1571 subióH5927 conH854 ellos grandeH6154 multitudH7227 de diversa suerte de gentesH6629; y ovejasH1241, y ganadosH4735 muy muchosH3966 H3515. 39Y cocieronH644 tortasH5692 sin levadura de la masa queH1217 habíanH834 sacadoH3318 de EgiptoH4714; porqueH3588 noH3808 había leudadoH2556, por cuantoH3588 echándolos los EgipciosH4714, noH3808 habíanH834 podidoH1571 detenerseH6720, niH3808 aun prepararseH6213 comidaH6720. 40El tiempoH4186 queH834 los hijosH1121 de IsraelH3478 habitaronH3427 en EgiptoH4714, fué cuatrocientosH702 H3967 treintaH7970 añosH8141. 41Y pasados cuatrocientosH702 H3967 treintaH7970 añosH8141, en el mismoH6106 díaH3117 salieronH3318 todosH3605 los ejércitosH6635 de JehováH3068 de la tierraH776 de EgiptoH4714. 42Es nocheH3915 de guardarH8107 á JehováH3068, por haberlos sacadoH3318 en ella de la tierraH776 de EgiptoH4714. EstaH1931 nocheH3915 deben guardarH8107 á JehováH3068 todosH3605 los hijosH1121 de IsraelH3478 en sus generacionesH1755. 43Y JehováH3068 dijoH559 á MoisésH4872 y á AarónH175: EstaH2063 es la ordenanzaH2708 de la PascuaH6453: NingúnH3605 extrañoH1121 comeráH398 de ella: 44Mas todoH3605 siervoH5650 humanoH376 compradoH4736 por dineroH3701, comeráH398 de ella despuésH227 que lo hubieres circuncidadoH4135. 45El extranjeroH8453 y el asalariado noH3808 comeránH398 de ella. 46En unaH259 casaH1004 se comeráH398, y noH3808 llevarásH3318 deH4480 aquella carneH1320 fueraH2351 deH4480 casaH1004, niH3808 quebraréis huesoH7665 suyoH6106. 47TodaH3605 la congregaciónH5712 de IsraelH3478 le sacrificaráH6213. 48Mas siH3588 algún extranjeroH1616 peregrinare contigoH854, y quisiere hacer la pascuaH6453 á JehováH3068, séale circuncidado todoH3605 varónH2145, y entoncesH227 se llegará á hacerla, y seráH1961 como el natural de la tierra; pero ningúnH3605 incircuncisoH6189 comeráH398 de ella. 49La mismaH259 leyH8451 seráH1961 para el naturalH249 y para el extranjeroH1616 que peregrinare entre vosotrosH8432. 50Así lo hicieronH6213 todosH3605 los hijosH1121 de IsraelH3478; como mandóH6680 JehováH3068 á MoisésH4872 y á AarónH175, asíH3651 lo hicieronH6213. 51Y en aquel mismoH6106 díaH3117 sacóH3318 JehováH3068 á los hijosH1121 de IsraelH3478 de la tierraH776 de EgiptoH4714 porH5921 sus escuadronesH6635.
Matthew Henry - Concise Commentary 1 The Lord makes all things new to those whom he delivers from the bondage of Satan, and takes to himself to be his people. The time when he does this is to them the beginning of a new life. God appointed that, on the night wherein they were to go out of Egypt, each family should kill a lamb, or that two or three families, if small, should kill one lamb. This lamb was to be eaten in the manner here directed, and the blood to be sprinkled on the door-posts, to mark the houses of the Israelites from those of the Egyptians. The angel of the Lord, when destroying the first-born of the Egyptians, would pass over the houses marked by the blood of the lamb: hence the name of this holy feast or ordinance. The passover was to be kept every year, both as a remembrance of Israel's preservation and deliverance out of Egypt, and as a remarkable type of Christ. Their safety and deliverance were not a reward of their own righteousness, but the gift of mercy. Of this they were reminded, and by this ordinance they were taught, that all blessings came to them through the shedding and sprinkling of blood. Observe, 1. The paschal lamb was typical. Christ is our passover,
1Cor 5:7. Christ is the Lamb of God,
John 1:29; often in the Revelation he is called the Lamb. It was to be in its prime; Christ offered up himself in the midst of his days, not when a babe at Bethlehem. It was to be without blemish; the Lord Jesus was a Lamb without spot: the judge who condemned Christ declared him innocent. It was to be set apart four days before, denoting the marking out of the Lord Jesus to be a Saviour, both in the purpose and in the promise. It was to be slain, and roasted with fire, denoting the painful sufferings of the Lord Jesus, even unto death, the death of the cross. The wrath of God is as fire, and Christ was made a curse for us. Not a bone of it must be broken, which was fulfilled in Christ,
John 19:33, denoting the unbroken strength of the Lord Jesus. 2. The sprinkling of the blood was typical. The blood of the lamb must be sprinkled, denoting the applying of the merits of Christ's death to our souls; we must receive the atonement,
Roma 5:11. Faith is the bunch of hyssop, by which we apply the promises, and the benefits of the blood of Christ laid up in them, to ourselves. It was to be sprinkled on the door-posts, denoting the open profession we are to make of faith in Christ. It was not to be sprinkled upon the threshold; which cautions us to take heed of trampling under foot the blood of the covenant. It is precious blood, and must be precious to us. The blood, thus sprinkled, was a means of preserving the Israelites from the destroying angel, who had nothing to do where the blood was. The blood of Christ is the believer's protection from the wrath of God, the curse of the law, and the damnation of hell,
Roma 8:1. 3. The solemn eating of the lamb was typical of our gospel duty to Christ. The paschal lamb was not to be looked upon only, but to be fed upon. So we must by faith make Christ our own; and we must receive spiritual strength and nourishment from him, as from our food, see
John 6:53,
John 6:55. It was all to be eaten; those who by faith feed upon Christ, must feed upon a whole Christ; they must take Christ and his yoke, Christ and his cross, as well as Christ and his crown. It was to be eaten at once, not put by till morning. To-day Christ is offered, and is to be accepted while it is called to-day, before we sleep the sleep of death. It was to be eaten with bitter herbs, in remembrance of the bitterness of their bondage in Egypt; we must feed upon Christ with sorrow and brokenness of heart, in remembrance of sin. Christ will be sweet to us, if sin be bitter. It was to be eaten standing, with their staves in their hands, as being ready to depart. When we feed upon Christ by faith, we must forsake the rule and the dominion of sin; sit loose to the world, and every thing in it; forsake all for Christ, and reckon it no bad bargain,
Hebre 13:13,
Hebre 13:14. 4. The feast of unleavened bread was typical of the Christian life,
1Cor 5:7,
1Cor 5:8. Having received Christ Jesus the Lord, we must continually delight ourselves in Christ Jesus. No manner of work must be done, that is, no care admitted and indulged, which does not agree with, or would lessen this holy joy. The Jews were very strict as to the passover, so that no leaven should be found in their houses. It must be a feast kept in charity, without the leaven of malice; and in sincerity, without the leaven of hypocrisy. It was by an ordinance for ever; so long as we live we must continue feeding upon Christ, rejoicing in him always, with thankful mention of the great things he has done for us.
21 That night, when the first-born were to be destroyed, no Israelite must stir out of doors till called to march out of Egypt. Their safety was owing to the blood of sprinkling. If they put themselves from under the protection of that, it was at their peril. They must stay within, to wait for the salvation of the Lord; it is good to do so. In after-times they should carefully teach their children the meaning of this service. It is good for children to ask about the things of God; they that ask for the way will find it. The keeping of this solemnity every year was, 1. To look backward, that they might remember what great things God had done for them and their fathers. Old mercies, to ourselves, or to our fathers, must not be forgotten, that God may be praised, and our faith in him encouraged. 2. It was designed to look forward, as an earnest of the great sacrifice of the Lamb of God in the fulness of time. Christ our passover was sacrificed for us; his death was our life.
29 The Egyptians had been for three days and nights kept in anxiety and horror by the darkness; now their rest is broken by a far more terrible calamity. The plague struck their first-born, the joy and hope of their families. They had slain the Hebrews' children, now God slew theirs. It reached from the throne to the dungeon: prince and peasant stand upon the same level before God's judgments. The destroying angel entered every dwelling unmarked with blood, as the messenger of woe. He did his dreadful errand, leaving not a house in which there was not one dead. Imagine then the cry that rang through the land of Egypt, the long, loud shriek of agony that burst from every dwelling. It will be thus in that dreadful hour when the Son of man shall visit sinners with the last judgment. God's sons, his first-born, were now released. Men had better come to God's terms at first, for he will never come to theirs. Now Pharaoh's pride is abased, and he yields. God's word will stand; we get nothing by disputing, or delaying to submit. In this terror the Egyptians would purchase the favour and the speedy departure of Israel. Thus the Lord took care that their hard-earned wages should be paid, and the people provided for their journey.
37 The children of Israel set forward without delay. A mixed multitude went with them. Some, perhaps, willing to leave their country, laid waste by plagues; others, out of curiosity; perhaps a few out of love to them and their religion. But there were always those among the Israelites who were not Israelites. Thus there are still hypocrites in the church. This great event was 430 years from the promise made to Abraham: see
Galat 3:17. So long the promise of a settlement was unfulfilled. But though God's promises are not performed quickly, they will be, in their season. This is that night of the Lord, that remarkable night, to be celebrated in all generations. The great things God does for his people, are to be not only a few days' wonder, but to be remembered throughout all ages; especially the work of our redemption by Christ. This first passover-night was a night of the Lord, much to be observed; but the last passover-night, in which Christ was betrayed and in which the first passover, with the rest of the Jewish ceremonies, was done away, was a night of the Lord, much more to be observed. Then a yoke, heavier than that of Egypt, was broken from off our necks, and a land, better than that of Canaan, set before us. It was a redemption to be celebrated in heaven, for ever and ever.
43 In times to come, all the congregation of Israel must keep the passover. All that share in God's mercies should join in thankful praises for them. The New Testament passover, the Lord's supper, ought not to be neglected by any. Strangers, if circumcised, might eat of the passover. Here is an early indication of favour to the gentiles. This taught the Jews that their being a nation favoured by God, entitled them to their privileges, not their descent from Abraham. Christ our passover is sacrificed for us,
1Cor 5:7; his blood is the only ransom for our souls; without the shedding of it there is no remission; without the sprinkling of it there can be no salvation. Have we, by faith in him, sheltered our souls from deserved vengeance under the protection of his atoning blood? Do we keep close to him, constantly depending upon him? Do we so profess our faith in the Redeemer, and our obligations to him, that all who pass by may know to whom we belong? Do we stand prepared for his service, ready to walk in his ways, and to separate ourselves from his enemies? These are questions of vast importance to the soul; may the Lord direct our consciences honestly to answer them.
