1耶和華H3068在埃及H4714地H776曉諭H559摩西H4872、亞倫H175說H559: 2你們要以本月H2320為正月H7218,H2320,為一年H8141之首H7223。 3你們吩咐H1696以色列H3478全會眾H5712說H559:本月H2320初十H6218日,各人H376要按著父H1004家H1取H3947羊羔H7716,一家H1004一隻H7716。 4若是一家的人H1004太少H4591,吃不了一隻羊羔H7716,本人就要和他隔壁H7138的鄰舍H7934共取H3947一隻。你們預備羊羔H7716,要按著人H5315數H4373和飯量H400計算H3699。 5要無殘疾H8549、一H1121歲H8141的公H2145羊羔H7716,你們或從綿羊H3532裡取H3947,或從山羊H5795裡取,都可以。 6要留H4931到本月H2320十四H702,H6240日H3117,在H996黃昏H6153的時候,以色列H3478全H3605會眾H6591,H5712把羊羔宰了H7819。 7各家要取H3947點血H1818,塗在H5414吃H398羊羔的房屋H1004左右H8147的門框H4201上和門楣H4947上。 8當夜H3915要吃H398羊羔的肉H1320;用火H784烤H6748了,與無酵餅H4682和苦菜H4844同吃H398。 9不可吃H398生的H4995,斷不可吃水H4325煮H1310的,要帶著頭H7218、腿H3767、五臟H7130,用火H784烤H6748了吃。 10不可剩下H3498一點留到早晨H1242;若留H3498到早晨H1242,要用火H784燒了H8313。 11你們吃H398羊羔當腰間H4975束帶H2296,腳上H7272穿鞋H5275,手中H3027拿杖H4731,趕緊H2649的吃H398;這是耶和華的H3068逾越節H6453。 12因為那夜H3915我要巡行H5674埃及H4714地H776,把埃及H4714地H776一切頭生的H1060,無論是人H120是牲畜H929,都擊殺了H5221,又要敗壞H6213,H8201埃及H4714一切的神H430。我是耶和華H3068。 13這血H1818要在你們所住的房屋H1004上作記號H226;我一見H7200這血H1818,就越過H6452你們去。我擊殺H5221埃及H4714地H776頭生的時候,災殃H5063必不臨到你們身上滅H4889你們。 14你們要紀念H2146這日H3117,守H2287為耶和華H3068的節H2282,作為你們世世代代H1755永遠H5769的定例H2708。 15你們要吃H398無酵餅H4682七H7651日H3117。頭一H7223日H3117要把酵H7603從你們各家H1004中除去H7673;因為從頭一H7223日H3772起,到第七H7637日H3117為止,凡吃H398有酵之餅H2557的,必從以色列H3478中剪除H3772。 16頭一H7223日H3117你們當有聖H6944會H4744,第七H7637日H3117也當有聖H6944會H4744。這兩日之內,除了H389預備各人H5315所要吃H398的以外,無論何工H4399都不可做H6213。 17你們要守H8104無酵H4682節,因為我正當H6106這日H3117把你們的軍隊H6635從埃及H4714地H776領出來H3318。所以,你們要守H8104這日H3117,作為世世代代H1755永遠H5769的定例H2708。 18從正H7223月H2320十四H6240,H702日H3117晚上H6153,直到二十H6242一H259日H3117晚上H6153,你們要吃H398無酵餅H4682。 19在你們各家中H1004,七H7651日H3117之內不可有H4672酵H7603;因為凡吃H398有酵之物H2556的,無論是寄居的H1616,是本地H776的,必從以色列H3478的會H5712中剪除H3772。 20有酵的物H2556,你們都不可吃H398;在你們一切住處H4186要吃H398無酵餅H4682。 21於是,摩西H4872召了H7121以色列H3478的眾長老H2205來,對他們說H559:你們要按著家口H4940取H3947出H4900羊羔H6629,把這逾越節H6453的羊羔宰了H7819。 22拿H3947一把H92牛膝草H231,蘸H2881盆裡H5592的血H1818,打H5060在門楣H4947上和左右的H8147門框H4201上。你們誰也不可H376出H3318自己的房H1004門H6607,直到早晨H1242。 23因為耶和華H3068要巡行H5674擊殺H5062埃及人H4714,他看見H7200血H1818在門楣H4947上和左右的H8147門框H4201上,就必越過H6452那門H6607,不容H5414滅命的H7843進H935你們的房屋H1004,擊殺H5062你們。 24這例H1697,你們要守H8104著,作為你們和你們子孫H1121永遠H5704,H5769的定例H2706。 25日後,你們到了H935耶和華H3068按著所應許H1696賜給H5414你們的那地H776,就要守H8104這禮H5656。 26你們的兒女H1121問你們說H559:行這禮H5656是甚麼意思? 27你們就說H559:這是獻給耶和華H3068逾越節H6453的祭H2077。當以色列人在埃及的時候,他擊殺H5062埃及人H4714,越過H6452以色列H3478人H1121的房屋H1004,救了H5337我們各家H1004。於是百姓H5971低頭H6915下拜H7812。 28耶和華H3068怎樣吩咐H6680摩西H4872、亞倫H175,以色列H3478人H1121就怎樣行H6213。 29到了半夜H2677,H3915,耶和華H3068把埃及H4714地H776所有的長子H1060,就是從坐H3427寶座H3678的法老H6547,直到被擄囚在監裡H1004,H953之人H7628的長子H1060,以及一切頭生的H1060牲畜H929,盡都殺了H5221。 30法老H6547和一切臣僕H5650,並埃及眾人H4714,夜間H3915都起來了H6965。在埃及H4714有大H1419哀號H6818,無一家H1004不死H4191一個人的。 31夜間H3915,法老召了H7121摩西H4872、亞倫H175來,說H559:起來H6965!連你們帶以色列H3478人H1121,從我民H5971中H8432出去H3318,依你們所說H1696的,去H3212事奉H5647耶和華H3068罷! 32也依你們所說H1696的,連羊群H6629牛群H1241帶著H3947走罷H3212!並要為我祝福H1288。 33埃及人H4714催促H2388百姓H5971,打發他們H7971快快H4116出離那地H776,因為埃及人說H559:我們都要死了H4191。 34百姓H5971就拿著H5375沒有酵H2556的生麵H1217,把摶麵盆H4863包在H6887衣服H8071中,扛在肩頭H7926上。 35以色列H3478人H1121照著摩西H4872的話H1697行H6213,向埃及人H4714要H7592金H2091器H3627、銀H3701器H3627,和衣裳H8071。 36耶和華H3068叫百姓H5971在埃及人H4714眼前H5869蒙恩H5414,H2580,以致埃及人給他們所要H7592的。他們就把埃及人H4714的財物奪去了H5337。 37以色列H3478人H1121從蘭塞H7486起行H5265,往疏割H5523去;除了H905婦人孩子H2945,步行的H7273男人H1397約有六H8337十萬H3967,H505。 38又有許多H7227閒雜人H6154,並有羊群H6629牛群H1241,和他們一同上去H5927。 39他們用埃及H4714帶出來H3318的生麵H1217烤成H644無酵H4682餅H5692。這生麵原沒有發起H2556;因為他們被催逼離開H1644埃及H4714,不能H3201耽延H4102,也H1571沒有為自己預備H6213甚麼食物H6720。 40以色列H3478人H1121住在H3427埃及H4714共有四H702百H3967三十H7970年H8141。 41正H6106滿了H7093四H702百H3967三十H7970年H8141的那一天H3117,耶和華H3068的軍隊H6635都H3605從埃及H4714地H776出來了H3318。 42這夜H3915是耶和華H3068的夜;因耶和華領H3318他們出了埃及H4714地H776,所以當向耶和華H3068謹守H8107,是以色列H3478眾人H1121世世代代H1755該謹守的。 43耶和華H3068對摩西H4872、亞倫H175說H559:逾越節的例H2708是這樣:外邦H5236人H1121都不可吃H398這羊羔H6453。 44但各人H376用銀子H3701買H4736的奴僕H5650,既受了割禮H4135就可以吃H398。 45寄居的H8453和雇工人H7916都不可吃H398。 46應當在一H259個房子裡H1004吃H398;不可把一點肉H1320從房子裡帶H3318到外頭H2351去。羊羔的骨頭H6106一根也不可折斷H7665。 47以色列H3478全會眾H5712都要守H6213這禮。 48若有外人H1616寄居H1481在你們中間,願向耶和華H3068守H6213逾越節H6453,他所有的男子H2145務要受割禮H4135,然後纔容他前來H7126遵守H6213,他也就像本地H776人H249一樣;但未受割禮的H6189,都不可吃H398這羊羔。 49本地人H249和寄居H1481在你們中間H8432的外人H1616同歸一H259例H8451。 50耶和華H3068怎樣吩咐H6680摩西H4872、亞倫H175,以色列H3478眾H3605人H1121就怎樣H6213行了H6213。 51正當H6106那日H3117,耶和華H3068將以色列H3478人H1121按著他們的軍隊H6635,從埃及H4714地H776領出來H3318。
Matthew Henry - Concise Commentary 1 The Lord makes all things new to those whom he delivers from the bondage of Satan, and takes to himself to be his people. The time when he does this is to them the beginning of a new life. God appointed that, on the night wherein they were to go out of Egypt, each family should kill a lamb, or that two or three families, if small, should kill one lamb. This lamb was to be eaten in the manner here directed, and the blood to be sprinkled on the door-posts, to mark the houses of the Israelites from those of the Egyptians. The angel of the Lord, when destroying the first-born of the Egyptians, would pass over the houses marked by the blood of the lamb: hence the name of this holy feast or ordinance. The passover was to be kept every year, both as a remembrance of Israel's preservation and deliverance out of Egypt, and as a remarkable type of Christ. Their safety and deliverance were not a reward of their own righteousness, but the gift of mercy. Of this they were reminded, and by this ordinance they were taught, that all blessings came to them through the shedding and sprinkling of blood. Observe, 1. The paschal lamb was typical. Christ is our passover,
1Cor 5:7. Christ is the Lamb of God,
John 1:29; often in the Revelation he is called the Lamb. It was to be in its prime; Christ offered up himself in the midst of his days, not when a babe at Bethlehem. It was to be without blemish; the Lord Jesus was a Lamb without spot: the judge who condemned Christ declared him innocent. It was to be set apart four days before, denoting the marking out of the Lord Jesus to be a Saviour, both in the purpose and in the promise. It was to be slain, and roasted with fire, denoting the painful sufferings of the Lord Jesus, even unto death, the death of the cross. The wrath of God is as fire, and Christ was made a curse for us. Not a bone of it must be broken, which was fulfilled in Christ,
John 19:33, denoting the unbroken strength of the Lord Jesus. 2. The sprinkling of the blood was typical. The blood of the lamb must be sprinkled, denoting the applying of the merits of Christ's death to our souls; we must receive the atonement,
Roma 5:11. Faith is the bunch of hyssop, by which we apply the promises, and the benefits of the blood of Christ laid up in them, to ourselves. It was to be sprinkled on the door-posts, denoting the open profession we are to make of faith in Christ. It was not to be sprinkled upon the threshold; which cautions us to take heed of trampling under foot the blood of the covenant. It is precious blood, and must be precious to us. The blood, thus sprinkled, was a means of preserving the Israelites from the destroying angel, who had nothing to do where the blood was. The blood of Christ is the believer's protection from the wrath of God, the curse of the law, and the damnation of hell,
Roma 8:1. 3. The solemn eating of the lamb was typical of our gospel duty to Christ. The paschal lamb was not to be looked upon only, but to be fed upon. So we must by faith make Christ our own; and we must receive spiritual strength and nourishment from him, as from our food, see
John 6:53,
John 6:55. It was all to be eaten; those who by faith feed upon Christ, must feed upon a whole Christ; they must take Christ and his yoke, Christ and his cross, as well as Christ and his crown. It was to be eaten at once, not put by till morning. To-day Christ is offered, and is to be accepted while it is called to-day, before we sleep the sleep of death. It was to be eaten with bitter herbs, in remembrance of the bitterness of their bondage in Egypt; we must feed upon Christ with sorrow and brokenness of heart, in remembrance of sin. Christ will be sweet to us, if sin be bitter. It was to be eaten standing, with their staves in their hands, as being ready to depart. When we feed upon Christ by faith, we must forsake the rule and the dominion of sin; sit loose to the world, and every thing in it; forsake all for Christ, and reckon it no bad bargain,
Hebre 13:13,
Hebre 13:14. 4. The feast of unleavened bread was typical of the Christian life,
1Cor 5:7,
1Cor 5:8. Having received Christ Jesus the Lord, we must continually delight ourselves in Christ Jesus. No manner of work must be done, that is, no care admitted and indulged, which does not agree with, or would lessen this holy joy. The Jews were very strict as to the passover, so that no leaven should be found in their houses. It must be a feast kept in charity, without the leaven of malice; and in sincerity, without the leaven of hypocrisy. It was by an ordinance for ever; so long as we live we must continue feeding upon Christ, rejoicing in him always, with thankful mention of the great things he has done for us.
21 That night, when the first-born were to be destroyed, no Israelite must stir out of doors till called to march out of Egypt. Their safety was owing to the blood of sprinkling. If they put themselves from under the protection of that, it was at their peril. They must stay within, to wait for the salvation of the Lord; it is good to do so. In after-times they should carefully teach their children the meaning of this service. It is good for children to ask about the things of God; they that ask for the way will find it. The keeping of this solemnity every year was, 1. To look backward, that they might remember what great things God had done for them and their fathers. Old mercies, to ourselves, or to our fathers, must not be forgotten, that God may be praised, and our faith in him encouraged. 2. It was designed to look forward, as an earnest of the great sacrifice of the Lamb of God in the fulness of time. Christ our passover was sacrificed for us; his death was our life.
29 The Egyptians had been for three days and nights kept in anxiety and horror by the darkness; now their rest is broken by a far more terrible calamity. The plague struck their first-born, the joy and hope of their families. They had slain the Hebrews' children, now God slew theirs. It reached from the throne to the dungeon: prince and peasant stand upon the same level before God's judgments. The destroying angel entered every dwelling unmarked with blood, as the messenger of woe. He did his dreadful errand, leaving not a house in which there was not one dead. Imagine then the cry that rang through the land of Egypt, the long, loud shriek of agony that burst from every dwelling. It will be thus in that dreadful hour when the Son of man shall visit sinners with the last judgment. God's sons, his first-born, were now released. Men had better come to God's terms at first, for he will never come to theirs. Now Pharaoh's pride is abased, and he yields. God's word will stand; we get nothing by disputing, or delaying to submit. In this terror the Egyptians would purchase the favour and the speedy departure of Israel. Thus the Lord took care that their hard-earned wages should be paid, and the people provided for their journey.
37 The children of Israel set forward without delay. A mixed multitude went with them. Some, perhaps, willing to leave their country, laid waste by plagues; others, out of curiosity; perhaps a few out of love to them and their religion. But there were always those among the Israelites who were not Israelites. Thus there are still hypocrites in the church. This great event was 430 years from the promise made to Abraham: see
Galat 3:17. So long the promise of a settlement was unfulfilled. But though God's promises are not performed quickly, they will be, in their season. This is that night of the Lord, that remarkable night, to be celebrated in all generations. The great things God does for his people, are to be not only a few days' wonder, but to be remembered throughout all ages; especially the work of our redemption by Christ. This first passover-night was a night of the Lord, much to be observed; but the last passover-night, in which Christ was betrayed and in which the first passover, with the rest of the Jewish ceremonies, was done away, was a night of the Lord, much more to be observed. Then a yoke, heavier than that of Egypt, was broken from off our necks, and a land, better than that of Canaan, set before us. It was a redemption to be celebrated in heaven, for ever and ever.
43 In times to come, all the congregation of Israel must keep the passover. All that share in God's mercies should join in thankful praises for them. The New Testament passover, the Lord's supper, ought not to be neglected by any. Strangers, if circumcised, might eat of the passover. Here is an early indication of favour to the gentiles. This taught the Jews that their being a nation favoured by God, entitled them to their privileges, not their descent from Abraham. Christ our passover is sacrificed for us,
1Cor 5:7; his blood is the only ransom for our souls; without the shedding of it there is no remission; without the sprinkling of it there can be no salvation. Have we, by faith in him, sheltered our souls from deserved vengeance under the protection of his atoning blood? Do we keep close to him, constantly depending upon him? Do we so profess our faith in the Redeemer, and our obligations to him, that all who pass by may know to whom we belong? Do we stand prepared for his service, ready to walk in his ways, and to separate ourselves from his enemies? These are questions of vast importance to the soul; may the Lord direct our consciences honestly to answer them.